- 著者
- 齋藤 梓 大竹 裕子
- 出版者
- 北海道大学公共政策大学院
- 雑誌
- 年報 公共政策学 (ISSN:18819818)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, pp.185-205, 2019
Whether 'sex without consent' should constitute the legal definition of sexual violence instead of the 'assault or intimidation requirement' has been discussed extensively in Japan. Applying qualitative methods, we conducted thematic analysis on oral and written narratives of consensual and non-consensual sex obtained from 30 Japanese women. Findings suggest that non-consensual sex most typically happen through 'entrapment', referring to the process through which the perpetrator exploits an unequal power relation in everyday life and corners the victim into a situation where she cannot resist, escape, or express refusal.
1 0 0 0 OA 点眼液の刺激性評価のためのpH変化を指標とした新規in vitro 評価方法の提案
- 著者
- 稲葉 一訓 本多 公貴 大竹 裕子 岡本 紀夫 下村 嘉一 小竹 武 長井 紀章
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
- 雑誌
- 医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.46, no.2, pp.93-99, 2020-02-10 (Released:2021-02-10)
- 参考文献数
- 6
We proposed an in vitro test based on pH changes in ophthalmic solutions with the addition of lacrimal buffer, and examined anti-allergic ophthalmic solutions (acitazanolast hydrate, amlexanox, epinastine hydrochloride, ketotifen fumarate, levocabastine hydrochloride, olopatadine hydrochloride, pemirolast potassium, sodium cromoglycate, and tranilast) and anti-glaucoma ophthalmic solutions (brimonidine tartrate, carteolol hydrochloride, dorzolamide hydrochloride, isopropyl unoprostone, pilocarpine hydrochloride, timolol maleate, and travoprost) by using the in vitro test. Resistance to the lacrimal buffer capacity of ketotifen ophthalmic solution was higher than that of the other anti-allergic ophthalmic solutions tested. Among anti-glaucoma ophthalmic solutions, resistance to the lacrimal buffer capacity of the isopropyl unoprostone and dorzolamide ophthalmic solutions was higher than that of the other ophthalmic solutions tested. We also found relationships between ophthalmic additives and the pH-buffering effect in ophthalmic solutions, and demonstrated that D-mannitol, which is an ophthalmic additive, resisted the pH-buffering effect in artificial tears. Furthermore, high resistance was observed to the lacrimal buffer capacities of ophthalmic solutions with D-mannitol. These results will contribute to further studies aimed at reducing irritation caused by ophthalmic solutions.