著者

和久 大介 穴田 美佳 小川 博 安藤 元一 佐々木 剛 Waku Daisuke Mika Anada Hiroshi Ogawa Motokazu Ando Takeshi Sasaki

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.144-150,

---

ユーラシアカワウソ(Lutra lutra)はユーラシア大陸に広く分布する中型食肉目である。本種には11の亜種がおり,欧州亜種L. l. lutra,東南アジア亜種L. l. barang,中国亜種L. l. chinensis などが国内外の動物園や水族館で飼育されている。欧州の動物園や水族館にはA-line(L. l. lutra)とB-line(L. l. lutraとL. l. barangが交雑した可能性がある系統)という2つのlineが存在し,日本の動物園や水族館にも導入されている。本来は同じ亜種内で繁殖がおこなわれるが,日本では本種の個体数が少ないためA-lineとB-lineで繁殖がおこなわれている。実際にB-lineが東南アジア亜種の遺伝子を持っているか評価がおこなわれ,B-lineとA-lineの間に違いがあることが示された。ただし先行研究では,解析配列が307bpと短いことが問題として上げられる。本研究ではミトコンドリア(mt)DNA Cytochrome bの全長配列(1140bp)をA-line,B-line各1個体,中国亜種2個体から決定し,先行研究で決定されたB-lineの配列を含む4配列を加えて配列比較,系統解析をおこなった。その結果,A-line,B-lineそれぞれが特徴的な変異サイトを示し,系統解析では先行研究と同じようにB-lineは中国亜種とクレイドを形成し,A-lineは欧州亜種独自のクレイドを形成した。よって解析したB-lineのmtDNAは東南アジア亜種に由来する可能性がある。2015年現在,日本のB-line個体は全て本研究で解析したB-lineの子や孫である。亜種間交雑が示唆された国内のB-lineは,本種の繁殖・維持に活用できるが,A-lineや中国亜種の系統維持に活用することはできない。

著者

Takashi YAMAUCHI Toru YOSHIKAWA Masahiro TAKAMOTO Takeshi SASAKI Shun MATSUMOTO Kotaro KAYASHIMA Tadashi TAKESHIMA Masaya TAKAHASHI

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.293-302, 2017-05-31 (Released:2017-06-08)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

21 69

---

Overwork-related disorders, such as cerebrovascular/cardiovascular diseases (CCVD) and mental disorders due to overwork, are a major occupational and public health issue worldwide, particularly in East Asian countries. This report discusses the recent trend of overwork-related disorders in Japan from the perspective of workers' compensated occupational diseases, as well as the development of a national policy for preventive measures against overwork-related disorders in Japan. Recently, the number of claimed and compensated cases of occupational mental disorders has increased substantially, particularly among young workers, as compared to those of occupational CCVD. In response to these situations and action from society, the Japanese Government passed the "Act on Promotion of Preventive Measures against Karoshi and Other Overwork-Related Health Disorders" in June 2014 to develop a national initiative towards the prevention of overwork-related disorders. Changes in the trend of overwork-related disorders in Japan under a legal foundation and an initiative by the central government should be closely monitored so that other countries can benefit from the experiences.

著者

Takeshi Sasaki Tohru Naruse

出版者

Carcinological Society of Japan

雑誌

Crustacean Research (ISSN:02873478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.31-40, 2014-12-15 (Released:2017-05-15)

被引用文献数

2 3

---

Acorn foraging activity and feeding behaviour by two species of potamid freshwater crabs (Geothelphusa grandiovata and Candidiopotamon okinawense) were studied at Yanbaru forest, northern Okinawa Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Adult females of the two species were observed to inhabit burrows that were filled with acorns of Castanopsis sieboldii and Quercus miyagii. The burrows with the crabs as well as gathered acorns were distributed relatively close to a stream (0.8-5 m) at slopes of the forest. Acorns were either eaten with a part of the lower part or seed coat remaining, or vertically broken up and only the inside consumed. Feeding experiments under laboratory conditions indicated that the acorns eaten by G. grandiovata had the same feeding scars as the ones found around crabs burrows, suggesting that the crabs were indeed feeding on acorns. There were 1-24 uneaten acorn(s) observed from all burrows with gathered acorns. Some of the uneaten acorns were even germinated at both around opening of and in the burrow. The accumulation of acorns by the crabs thus inadvertently helps the dispersal of C. sieboldii and Q. miyagii along the slopes of valleys, where the seeds cannot easily lodge and germinate.

著者

Rajib Neupane Xiongjie Jin Takeshi Sasaki Xiang Li Toyoaki Murohara Xian Wu Cheng

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-19-0114, (Released:2019-05-16)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

18

---

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD) is an inflammatory phenomenon that leads to structural abnormality in the vascular lumen due to the formation of atheroma by the deposition of lipid particles and inflammatory cytokines. There is a close interaction between innate immune cells (neutrophils, monocyte, macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive immune cells (T and B lymphocytes) in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. According to novel insights into the role of adaptive immunity in atherosclerosis, the activation of CD4+T cells in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein-antigen initiates the formation and facilitates the propagation of atheroma, whereas CD8+T cells cause the rupture of a developed atheroma by their cytotoxic nature. Peripheral CD4+and CD8+T-cell counts were altered in patients with other cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, on evaluation of the feasibility of immune cells as a diagnostic tool, the blood CD4+(helper), CD8+(cytotoxic), and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+(regulatory) T cells and the ratio of CD4 to CD8 cells hold promise as biomarkers of coronary artery disease and their subtypes. T cells also could be a therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. The goal of this review was therefore to summarize the available information regarding immune disorders in ACVD with a special focus on the clinical implications of circulating T-cell subsets as biomarkers.

著者

Mihoko Kawabata Masahiko Goya Takeshi Sasaki Shingo Maeda Yasuhiro Shirai Takuro Nishimura Takakatsu Yoshitake Shinya Shiohira Mitsuaki Isobe Kenzo Hirao

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-16-1089, (Released:2017-02-07)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

37

---

Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia, associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality including thromboembolic events. The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombi in Japanese non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients undergoing preprocedural transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during anticoagulation therapy, and to compare the efficacy of warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC).Methods and Results:This retrospective study reviewed records of 559 consecutive NVAF patients (445 men; age, 62±11 years) undergoing preprocedural TEE following at least 3 weeks of anticoagulation therapy. Of these, 275 patients had non-paroxysmal AF (49%). LAA thrombus was observed in 15 patients (2.7%). The prevalence of LAA thrombi was similar between the DOAC group (2.6%) and the warfarin group (2.8%, P=0.86). No patients with CHA2DS2-VASc score=0, or paroxysmal AF without prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, had LAA thrombi. On univariate analysis, non-paroxysmal AF, structural heart disease, antiplatelet therapy, larger left atrium, higher brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), reduced LAA flow, and higher CHA2DS2-VASc score were all associated with LAA thrombi. On multivariate analysis, BNP ≥173 pg/mL remained the only independent predictor of LAA thrombi.Conclusions:LAA thrombi were found in 2.7% of Japanese NVAF patients scheduled for procedures despite ongoing oral anticoagulation therapy. Incidence of thrombi was similar for patients on DOAC and on warfarin.

著者

Takahiro Yonezawa Masahide Nishibori Yoshio Yamamoto Takeshi Sasaki Kohei Kudo Hiroshi Ogawa Hideki Endo Fumihito Akishinonomiya

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.316-322, 2022 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

---

Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA-Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.

著者

Takahiro Yonezawa Masahide Nishibori Yoshio Yamamoto Takeshi Sasaki Kohei Kudo Hiroshi Ogawa Hideki Endo Fumihito Akishinonomiya

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0220027, (Released:2022-06-25)

被引用文献数

1

---

Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA-Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.

著者

Yuki NISHIMURA Takeshi SASAKI Toru YOSHIKAWA Tomohide KUBO Tomoaki MATSUO Xinxin LIU Masaya TAKAHASHI

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020-0058, (Released:2020-07-01)

被引用文献数

4

---

While a number of work-related events have been proposed as risk factors for depression, a majority of studies have focused only on a few events in a single study. Therefore, we conducted a web-based longitudinal study to comprehensively investigate the impact of various work-related events on depressive symptoms. Ten thousand Japanese workers representing the Japanese working population were recruited online and questioned on their experiences of 36 work-related events in the past year. Their depressive symptoms were also assessed based on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Two years later, 3,098 participants responded to a follow-up study. By excluding 1,030 participants who were classified as being depressed in the baseline survey, data of 2,068 participants were analyzed. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated using multivariate logistic regression to assess the effect of work-related events on depressive symptoms. Eighteen events were found to be risk factors and were sorted into four types as follows: experience of an accident or disaster (OR: 4.78–7.67), excessive responsibility (OR: 3.01–3.62), drastic change in workstyle or workload (OR: 2.38–3.08), and interpersonal conflict (OR: 2.41–11.16). The current results, including magnitude relationship of ORs, should be utilized for promoting psychosocially healthy work environment.

著者

Takashi YAMAUCHI Toru YOSHIKAWA Takeshi SASAKI Shun MATSUMOTO Masaya TAKAHASHI Machi SUKA Hiroyuki YANAGISAWA

出版者

National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health

雑誌

Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.85-91, 2018-01-31 (Released:2018-02-07)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 15

---

In Japan, overwork-related disorders occur among local public employees as well as those in private businesses. However, to date, there are no studies reporting the state of compensation for cerebrovascular/cardiovascular diseases (CCVD) and mental disorders due to overwork or work-related stress among local public employees in Japan over multiple years. This report examined the recent trend of overwork-related CCVD and mental disorders, including the incidence rates of these disorders, among local public employees in Japan from the perspective of compensation for public accidents, using data from the Japanese Government and relevant organizations. Since 2000, compared to CCVD, there has been an overall increase in the number of claims and cases of compensation for mental disorders. Over half of the individuals receiving compensation for mental disorders were either in their 30s or younger. About 47% of cases of mental disorders were compensated due to work-related factors other than long working hours. The incidence rate by job type was highest among "police officials" and "fire department officials" for compensated CCVD and mental disorders cases, respectively. Changes in the trend of overwork-related disorders among local public employees in Japan under a legal foundation should be closely monitored.

著者

Yu Natsume Kasumi Oaku Kentaro Takahashi Wakana Nakamura Ai Oono Satomi Hamada Masahiro Yamazoe Kensuke Ihara Takeshi Sasaki Masahiko Goya Kenzo Hirao Tetsushi Furukawa Tetsuo Sasano

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-1194, (Released:2018-02-05)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

33

---

Background:Recent experimental studies have demonstrated that several microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in atrial tissue promote a substrate of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, because it has not been fully elucidated whether these experimental data contribute to identifying circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for AF, we used a combined analysis of human serum and murine atrial samples with the aim of identifying these biomarkers for predicting AF.Methods and Results:Comprehensive analyses were performed to screen 733 miRNAs in serum from 10 AF patients and 5 controls, and 672 miRNAs in atrial tissue from 6 inducible atrial tachycardia model mice and 3 controls. We selected miRNAs for which expression was detected in both analyses, and their expression levels were changed in the human analyses, the murine analyses, or both. This screening identified 11 candidate miRNAs. Next, we quantified the selected miRNAs using a quantitative RT-PCR in 50 AF and 50 non-AF subjects. The individual assessment revealed that 4 miRNAs (miR-99a-5p, miR-192-5p, miR-214-3p, and miR-342-5p) were significantly upregulated in AF patients. A receiver-operating characteristics curve indicated that miR-214-3p and miR-342-5p had the highest accuracy. The combination of the 4 miRNAs modestly improved the predictive accuracy for AF (76% sensitivity, 80% specificity).Conclusions:Novel circulating miRNAs were upregulated in the serum of AF patients and might be potential biomarkers of AF.