著者

Harumi Okuyama Yoichi Fujii Atsushi Ikemoto

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.157-177, 2000-06-01 (Released:2008-04-14)

参考文献数

183

被引用文献数

16 27

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Classic lipid nutrition for the prevention of chronic, elderly-onset diseases was apparently established before 1960, assuming that hypercholesterolemia is the major risk factor and that raising the polyunsaturated/saturated (P/S) ratio of dietary fatty acids is hypocholesterolemic. However, the hypocholesterolemic effect of linoleic acid (LA) was found to be transient. Furthermore, hypercholesterolemia itself is unlikely to be a serious risk factor for diseases in the elderly because serum cholesterol level is positively correlated with longevity. Instead, a high n-6/n-3 ratio of dietary fatty acids was found to increase thrombotic tendency, decrease peripheral blood flow and lead to persistent inflammation, which was proposed to be the major risk factor for atherosclerosis and related diseases. Based on animal experiments and epidemiological studies, we recommend a reduction in the intake of LA from a current value of >6 en% to half, and a reduced n-6/n-3 ratio from the current value of >4 to 2. Simply decreasing LA intake would produce the recommended n-6 and n-3 fatty acid balance in Japan due to the typical Japanese diet, but both decreasing the intake of LA and increasing that of n-3 fatty acids, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), is necessary in Western industrialized countries for the effective prevention of atherosclerosis and related diseases, as well as of apoplexy, allergic hyper-reactivity and cancers typical in Western populations.

著者

Ken Takeda Ken-ichiro Suzuki Aki Ishihara Miyoko Kubo-Irie Rie Fujimoto Masako Tabata Shigeru Oshio Yoshimasa Nihei Tomomi Ihara Masao Sugamata

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.95-102, 2009 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

226 272

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Nanomaterials are being used increasingly for commercial purposes, yet little is known about the potential health hazards such materials may pose to consumers and workers. Here we show that nano-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is used widely as a photo-catalyst and in consumer products, administered subcutaneously to pregnant mice is transferred to the offspring and affects the genital and cranial nerve systems of the male offspring. Nanoparticles identified as TiO2 by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were found in testis and brain of exposed 6-week-old male mice. In the offspring of TiO2-injected mice, various functional and pathologic disorders, such as reduced daily sperm production and numerous caspase-3 (a biomarker of apoptosis) positive cells in the olfactory bulb of the brain, were observed. Our findings suggest the need for great caution to handle the nanomaterials for workers and consumers.

著者

Young Chan Yoo Sang Ki Lee Ja Yeol Yang Sang Whan In Ki Wook Kim Kyu Hyuck Chung Myung Gyu Chung Se Young Choung

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.186-194, 2002 (Released:2002-04-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

35 45

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To obtain the usual value of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silicon, tin, vanadium and zinc in the normal human body, the amounts of these 16 metals were determined in 89 male and 61 female Korean cadavers, whose ages ranged from 12 to 87 years. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry was used for analysis of heavy metals in 9 autopsied human organs (liver, kidney, cerebrum, heart, spleen, lung, bone, hair and nail). Distribution of arsenic, nickel, selenium, lead and vanadium in the human body were almost uniform. Cadmium, mercury, manganese, molybdenum, tin and zinc were found in large quantities in the metabolic organs, whereas the concentrations of aluminum, chromium and silicon were greatest in the tissues exposed to the exterior.

著者

Emiko Kurisaki Masao Sato Sigeyuki Asano Hirobumi Gunji Mamoru Mochizuki Hajime Odajima Haruki Wakasa Hiroshi Satoh Chiho Watanabe Kouichi Hiraiwa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.6, pp.309-317, 1999-12-31 (Released:2008-04-14)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 1

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It has been assumed that "smelter disease" is caused by sulfuric dioxide. A typical episode resulting in "smelter disease" occurred in Fukushima, Japan. Twenty-seven workers became ill and eventually three of them died. The concentration of mercury (Hg) was found to be higher in all tissues and blood of the three victims than in those of normal Japanese, although the concentrations of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead in all tissues examined were within the normal range. The clinical course after the incident and autopsy findings clarified the cause of death to be acute Hg fume poisoning. To determine the histological localization of Hg and metallothionein (MT), Hg staining by the photo-emulsion method and immunostaining using anti-MT antibody were carried out. Numerous Hg granules were observed in the epithelia of the proximal tubules of the renal cortex using the photo-emulsion histochemical method. The liver of victims contained a few Hg granules in the hepatic cellular cytoplasm and sinusoid. Immunostaining of the kidney showed a strong positive reaction with anti-MT in the proximal tubules outside the medulla. The presence of Hg-bound MT in the kidneys of the victims was confirmed by gel chromatography. This is the first evidence of Hg-MT in the tissues of humans with acute Hg fume poisoning. Mercury might induce the synthesis of MT in human tissues. In addition, fractionation of the supernatants on gel chromatography revealed that most of the Hg in the kidney and lung of the patient who had the most severe renal and lung damage and who was the first of the three victims to die was distributed in high molecular weight protein fractions (HMW) and a small portion of Hg was bound to MT. These findings suggest that the amount of synthesized MT in tissues was not sufficient for MT to bind to Hg. The amount of Hg absorbed into tissues may be too large for MT to protect tissues, and thereby Hg may be bound to HMW.

著者

Hitoshi Ueno Yasuyoshi Sayato Katsuhiko Nakamuro

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.110-116, 2000-04-01 (Released:2008-04-14)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

4 6

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Hematological effects of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and its metabolites were investigated. In vitro exposure of mouse, rat and human blood cells to ClO2 and the reduction by-product, chlorite (ClO2-) resulted in the formation of methemoglobin, a decrease in the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and in the content of reduced glutathione (GSH), and an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formation and hemolysis. The H2O2 formation and hemolysis induced by ClO2 and ClO2 - in mouse blood cells were the highest among cells tested, and human blood cells were more resistant to the oxidative stress than rat and mouse blood cells. Both compounds also showed more toxic responses to E. coli mutants lacking production of catalase DSH19 (katEG), superoxide dismutase DSH56 (sodAB) and both of them DSH67 (katEG sodAB) than the wild strain DSH7 by Kat-sod assay, as a biological detection method for reactive oxygen species, suggesting the production of H2O2 and superioxide anion. For subchronic study of ClO2, mice received drinking water containing 100, 1000, 1500 or 2000mg/l ClO2 in the presence of the stabilizer, 1200mg/l of sodium bicarbonate ad libitum for 30, 60 or 90days. Statistically significant hematological changes were observed in animals exposed to more than 1000mg/l ClO2, which showed augmented G-6-PD activity in erythrocytes and increased resistance to hemolysis in hypotonic solution. The results of this study therefore indicate that ClO2 acutely causes hematotoxicity toward mice by producing reactive oxygen species and by weakening the protection systems to oxidative stress in erythrocytes, although the latter may be induced by long term exposure, while humans appear to be more resistant to this hematotoxicity.

著者

Masako Horiuchi Yoshiyuki Seyama

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.294-301, 2008 (Released:2008-06-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

15 16

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Bidens pilosa L. var. radiata SCHERFF (Tachiawayukisendangusa: Musashino Miyako Bidens Pilosa (MMBP)) has been reported to have antiinflammatory and antiallergic properties in the treatment of experimental diseases. We studied the antiinflammatory and anti-allergic effects of enzymatic digested MMBP (eMMBP), MMBP treated with Cellulosine, using an experimental inflammatory and allergic model. Oral administration of eMMBP suspension in carboxy-methyl-cellulose sodium solution inhibited the production of IgE 10 days after immunization with 2,4-dinitrophenylate (DNP)-ascaris in mice. Oral administration of eMMBP suspension inhibited dye exudation in rat skin induced by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and chemical mediators (histamine and substance P). The effects of eMMBP on the inhibition of histamine release from mast cells induced by compound 48/80 or antigen-antibody reaction was stronger than that of the hot-water extract (HWex). Caffeic acid and flavonoids (hyperin and isoquercitrin) in eMMBP are increased more than those in HWex of MMBP, as estimated using HPLC. These results suggest that eMMBP has antiinflammatory and antiallergic activity, and that enzymatic digestion enhances its antiallergic activity by the inhibition of histamine release from the mast cells due mainly to an increase in caffeic acid and flavonoids. The enzymatic digestion of MMBP might be useful in enhancing its antiinflammatory and antiallergic activities.

著者

Taro Uchiyama Yusuke Nakano Osamu Ueda Hiroshi Mori Masaya Nakashima Akira Noda Chiaki Ishizaki Masako Mizoguchi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.5, pp.559-566, 2008 (Released:2008-10-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

63 73

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We examined the effect of oral intake of pure glucosylceramide derived from konjac extract on skin barrier function evaluated by transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in hairless mice with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-induced skin roughness. The difference of TEWL between SDS-treated site and untreated sites in the pure glucosylceramide-fed group was significantly lower than that in control group on day 14 of ingestion. We investigated interleukin-1α (IL-1α) production in the hairless mouse skin, and it was significantly lower in the glucosylceramide-fed group than that of control animals. This reduced IL-1α production should contribute to improvement of skin barrier function. To investigate the effect of oral intake of glucosylceramide in human, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study including 100 healthy subjects whose TEWL in cheek was relatively high. As a result, cheek TEWL was significantly lower in the test product group as compared with the control group in weeks 8 and 12 of ingestion (p=0.023 and p=0.002 respectively).

著者

Orish Ebere Orisakwe Adeola Oluboyo Sabinus Ofoefule Ejeatuluchukwu Obi Ndidi Ilondu Onyenmechi Johnson Afonne Patrick Agbasi Danladi Husaini Chiroma

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.5, pp.491-494, 2001 (Released:2002-03-29)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 4

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The effect of saline cathartics magnesium sulphate, sodium sulphate, and sodium citrate on adsorptive capacity of activated charcoal (AC) was investigated in vitro. Solutions of artesunate alone and artesunate with 7.5 mg/ml cathartics solution were vortex mixed for 30 sec with different quantities of AC, incubated in water bath shaker for 30 min at 37°C and analysed for free artesunate spectrophotometrically at 328 nm. Addition of the cathartics caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the adsorption of artesunate to activated charcoal. The descending order of increased adsorption by the cathartics is magnesium sulphate, sodium citrate and sodium sulphate.

著者

Akira Tempaku

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.237-241, 2005 (Released:2005-04-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 4

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The efficiency of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection in GHOST/CXCR4 cell was controlled by the frequency of virus access, which was limited by random Brownian motion. Prolonged exposure of cell to virus increased the number of infection. Virus migrated to cell, continuously, during exposure period. Virus adsorption amount increased kinetically. It was confirmed by measurement of accumulated provirus DNA sum that the amount of virus entry depended on exposure time. Increment of virus adsorption amount and the number of infection followed to the theoretical manner that virus adsorption dynamics was regulated by random Brownian motion. This observation says that infectivity of lentivirus vector (HIV-1 based) increases by exposure time dependent way. This phenomenon is applicable to enhancing the efficiency of gene transduction by lentivirus vector.

著者

Noriaki Shima Akihiro Miki Tooru Kamata Munehiro Katagi Hitoshi Tsuchihashi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.147-154, 2005 (Released:2005-04-01)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

21 26

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The endogenous level of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) and the in vitro production of GHB in blood from healthy humans have been investigated. The endogenous GHB concentrations in aseptically collected whole blood samples ranged from 5 to 10 ng/ml, which were far below the previously-reported “endogenous” levels . Also, the levels of in vitro GHB production during storage for 16 months at 4°C were lower than 0.4 μg/ml, which were much lower than those in postmortem samples previously reported. Based on the results of this investigation, the authors concluded that an interpretative cutoff of 1.0 μg/ml would be appropriate for differentiating exogenous from endogenous GHB, if only limited to in-life blood specimens that were collected aseptically, stored at 4°C or lower, examined within two weeks, and excludes the possibility of GHB aciduria.

著者

Naoki Midoh Takanori Noguchi

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.56-61, 2009 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3 5

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Chicken soup has long been considered anecdotally healthful in Western and Southeast Asian countries. In this study, we examined the effects of a 2-week intake of chicken soup on mood states and of a single and 2-week intake on peripheral blood flow. Thirty healthy volunteers (7 men and 23 women aged 20.5±1.4 years) participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study with 2 weeks treatment and washout periods. They were randomly assigned to two groups, and daily received either chicken soup or placebo soup. Mood states by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire and peripheral blood flow by a laser-Doppler blood flow imaging system were assessed before and after each treatment period. On the first day of the treatment periods, the effect of single intake on peripheral blood flow was investigated. The 2-week intake of chicken soup significantly reduced the tension-anxiety (T-A) score compared to the placebo soup (p<0.05). The single intake of chicken soup significantly increased peripheral blood flow as compared with the base value (20 min after intake p<0.01; 25, 30 and 45 min after intake p<0.001) and that of the placebo soup (25, 30 and 60 min after intake p<0.05; 45 min after intake p<0.01). The 2-week intake of chicken soup also significantly increased peripheral blood flow over that of the placebo soup (p<0.001). Chicken soup was considered to have improved mood states such as tension and anxiety and increased peripheral blood flow.

著者

Takashi Asada Masayoshi Omichi Tomoko Kimura Kikuo Oikawa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.414-418, 2001 (Released:2002-03-29)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 7

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Both calcined shell calcium, which was recently reported to have bactericidal effects on Escherichia coli O157 : H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, and calcium oxide, which is the main component in calcined shell calcium, were examined as a bactericide against Legionella species. A calcined shell calcium solution of 0.025% or above reduced L. pneumophila counts from the original 7.0 × 106 CFU/ml to less than 300 CFU/ml after an incubation period of 1 hr. In water samples taken from the cooling tower of a prefabricated house, a calcined shell calcium solution of 0.05% or above reduced L. pneumophila counts to less than 10 CFU/ml after an incubation period of 1 hr. There was no difference between the bactericidal effects of the calcined shell calcium manufactured from the shells of surf clams and that manufactured from oysters; surf clams and oysters are equally effective. Calcium oxide also showed similar bactericidal effects against L. pneumophila, and thus we believe that the effect is not specific to calcined shell calcium, but rather to effects caused by the alkalinity of calcium oxide. The use of calcium oxide or calcined shell calcium as a bactericidal agent against Legionella species in the cooling tower water of hotels or other buildings is therefore expected.

著者

Makino Yukiko Tanaka Satoshi Kurobane Shingo NAKAUCHI Masato TERASAKI Takahiro OHTA Shigeru

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Journal of health science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.129-137, 2003-04-01

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

4 23

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We have investigated 100 illegal amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) tablets seized in Japan to obtain information about the nature of these tablets abused in Japan. For physical characterization, 15 items (logo, vertical view, colour, diameter, weight, smell, <I>etc</I>.) were measured and a photograph was taken. For chemical characterization, the components in the tablet were identified by GC-MS and HPLC, and quantified by HPLC using an ODS-type column. The maximum content of <I>N</I>-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDMA) was 189 mg/tablet and that of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) was 87 mg/tablet. The detected components, other than MDMA and MDA, were <I>N</I>-ethyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDEA), ephedrine, caffeine, ketamine, and methamphetamine. In this report, we propose a method for profiling ATS tablets.

著者

Sun Nan Hao Lili Xue Jian Jin Hongyu Tian Jingai Lin Ruichao

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Journal of health science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.464-469, 2007-08-01

被引用文献数

16

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A rapid and simple method for the simultaneous analysis of 18 pesticides (α-(C_6H_6Cl_6)-Benzene hexachloride, β-BHC, γ-BHC, δ-BHC, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, tecnazene, pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB), hexachlorobenzene, aldrin, methyl pentachlorophenyl sulphide (MPCPS), α-endosulfan, trans-chlorodane, cis-chlorodane, p,p'-(C_<14>H_8Cl_4)-Dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene, o,p'-(C_<14>H_9Cl_5)-Dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane, p,p'-(C_<14>H_<10>Cl_4)-Dichlorodiphenyl dichloeoethane, p,p'-DDT) by gas chromatography (GC) in 10 Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) has been developed. The limit of detection was found to be 1.2×10^<13> to 9.0×10^<13>g with the recoveries ranging from 72.9 to 114.5% and Relative Standard Deviation being less than 17.5%. In addition, the assay was applied to monitor the residues in 10 TCMs, amongst which at least one of the above pesticides were found in 67 samples. The results showed that α-BHC was the most frequently detected with a presence of 44.6% in the tested samples, whilst heptachlor epoxide, trans-chlorodane, cis-chlorodane and p,p'-DDD were not detected at all. Nonetheless, none of pesticides in all samples appeared to exceed the maximum residue limits (MRLs) seen in the Chinese regulations.

著者

Teruaki Sakurai

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.171-178, 2003 (Released:2003-06-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

15 22

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Inorganic arsenic is clearly a toxicant and carcinogen in humans. In mammals, including humans, inorganic arsenic often undergo methylation, forming compounds such as pentavalent dimethyarsinic acid (DMAsV). Recent evidence indicates that DMAsV is a complete carcinogen in rodents while evidence for inorganic arsenic as a carcinogen in rodents remains unclear. Thus, we studied the molecular mechanisms of the in vitro cytolethality of DMAsV compared to that of the trivalent inorganic arsenic, sodium arsenite, using rat liver TRL 1215 cells. Arsenite was very cytotoxic in these cells; its lethal concentration in vitro in 50% of a population (LC50) was 20 μM after a 48-hr exposure. With arsenite, most dead cells showed histological and biochemical evidence of necrosis. The arsenite cytolethality markedly increased when cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) was depleted with the glutathione synthase inhibitor, L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO). In contrast, DMAsV was nearly three orders of magnitude less cytotoxic (LC50 = 1.5 mM) although evidence showed the predominating form of death was apoptosis. Surprisingly, GSH depletion actually decreased the DMAsV-induced apoptosis. It is suggested that DMAsV requires intracellular GSH to induce apoptosis. Ethacrynic acid (EA), an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase that catalyzes GSH-substrate conjugation, and aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), an inhibitor of β-lyase which catalyzes the final breakdown of GSH-substrate conjugates, were also effective in suppressing the DMAsV-induced apoptosis. These findings indicate that DMAsV was likely conjugated in some form with cellular GSH, and this conjugate induced apoptosis during subsequent metabolic reactions. Because apoptosis is a process by which organisms eliminate abnormal cells, the arsenic biomethylation in the human body may essentially a detoxicating event.

著者

Takashi Asada Shigehisa Ishihara Takeshi Yamane Akemi Toba Akifumi Yamada Kikuo Oikawa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.6, pp.473-479, 2002 (Released:2002-12-05)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

76 151

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We examined the relationship between the carbonizing temperature of bamboo carbide made from Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) and the removal effect of harmful gases and odorants, and the use of a bamboo charcoal as a countermeasure for “Sick Building Syndrome” or “Chemical Sensitivity” and the use as a deodorant. With regard to the carbonizing temperature of the bamboo charcoal, a temperature sensor was installed inside each bamboo material and the carbonizing temperature was controlled at 500, 700 and 1000°C. The removal effect was tested for formaldehyde, toluene and benzene that are known to cause “Sick Building Syndrome” or “Chemical Sensitivity” and for ammonia, indole, skatole and nonenal as odorants. The formaldehyde removal effect was only slightly different in the charcoal at all the carbonizing temperatures. The benzene, toluene, indole, skatole and nonenal removal effect were the highest for the bamboo charcoal carbonized at 1000°C and tended to increase as the carbonizing temperature of the bamboo charcoal increased. The removal effect for ammonia was the highest on the bamboo charcoal carbonized at 500°C. It is concluded that the effective carbonizing temperature is different for each chemical, and a charcoal must be specifically selected for use as an adsorbent or deodorant.

著者

Dae Kyong Kim Yong Koo Kang Moo Yeol Lee Kwang-Gill Lee Joo-Hong Yeo Won Bok Lee Yong Sik Kim Sung Su Kim

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.317-324, 2005 (Released:2005-06-01)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

8 15

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This article was retracted. Please see the retraction notice.

著者

Yuji Takao Ho Chul Lee Shinya Kohra Koji Arizono

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.331-334, 2002 (Released:2002-08-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

26 46

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Nine different food cans, packed with water, were heat-treated for 30 min at 80 or 100°C in order to elucidate the trends associated with the leaching of bisphenol A (BPA) from internal coatings. Low levels of BPA were detected in water from all unheated cans, rising to 0.06 to 32 ng/cm2 after heating at 100°C. Reducing the heat-treatment temperature to 80°C was found to reduce the BPA concentration in the contained water by up to two-thirds. The cans that recorded the highest BPA concentrations in water after heating were found to have components (lid, bottom or body) with high available BPA contents.

著者

Masayoshi Yamaguchi Aki Igarashi Satoshi Uchiyama Seiichi Morita Kuniaki Sugawara Takashi Sumida

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.619-624, 2004 (Released:2004-12-01)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

19 27

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A change in circulating biochemical markers of bone metabolism in normal individuals with the intake of juice prepared from Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu MARC.) containing β-crypthoxanthin was investigated. Twenty-one volunteers (ten males and eleven females) were divided into two groups of ten volunteers (five males and five females) and eleven volunteers (five males and six females), and each group was given sequentially juice (192 ml) containing two different contents of β-crypthoxanthin once a day for 28 or 56 days as follows: either regular juice with naturally occurring 802 μg β-cryptoxanthin/100 ml or a reinforced juice containing 1500 μg β-cryptoxanthin/100 ml. As serum bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, γ-carboxylated osteocalcin, bone tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and N-telopeptide of type I collagen were assayed. The intake of regular juice for 28 or 56 days caused a significant increase in γ-carboxylated osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation, and the intake for 56 days produced a significant decrease in serum bone TRAP activity. Moreover, intake of the β-cryptoxanthin reinforced juice for 28 or 56 days caused a significant increase in serum β-carboxylated osteocalcin concentration and a corresponding decrease in serum bone TRAP activity and N-telopeptide of type I collagen, a marker of bone resorption. This study suggests that the intake of β-cryptoxanthin reinforced juice has a stimulatory effect on bone formation and an inhibitory effect on bone resorption in normal individuals.

著者

Maki Kinoyama Hayami Nitta Shinsuke Hara Akiharu Watanabe Kunihisa Shirao

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.5, pp.608-614, 2007 (Released:2007-10-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2 3 7

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We examined what changes occurred in the activity and content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the blood and the amount of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the urine as a consequence of oral administration of antioxidant health foods including plant-based SOD, vitamin C and vitamin E to seven healthy subjects every day for 15 days. Although there was a significant increase in the concentration of vitamins C and E in serum, there was a significant decrease in SOD (extracellular type) activity and Mn-SOD (mitochondrial type) content and a narrower range of variation therein. In contrast, there was a tendency toward an increase in the amount of 8-OHdG in the urine (observed in 6 of 7 subjects). We looked into the possibility that SOD activity was being inhibited by pycnogenol (water extract of the bark of the French maritime pine) as the main ingredient of the antioxidant health foods, and it became clear that SOD activity is included in pycnogenol. These results suggest that oral administration of antioxidant health foods containing SOD originating in plants has the effect of lowering the activity and content of SOD in the blood.