著者
田谷 博吉
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, no.3, pp.261-279, 1973-10-25 (Released:2017-07-22)

During the Edo period, the leading currencies were gold, silver, and copper coins issued by the Tokugawa Shogunate. Though various kinds of paper money were issued by territorial lords (Daimyo) especially in the latter half of the Edo period, it was necessary to obtain the permit of the Shogunate to issue money. In commercial transactions, the most important currencies were gold and silver coins of the Shogunate, which were produced in more than 40 different kinds. In order to study the monetary transactions of the period, it is therefore necessary to classify these various sorts of coins by the time of issue (Keicho, Genroku-Hoei, Shotoku-Kyohou, Genbun, Bunsei, Tenpo, Ansei-Manyen) and show the date of issue, the years of circulation, the weight and fineness, the amount of issue, etc. There are two kinds of currency table showing the above items : one made by Chuzaburo Sato, an official of the mint of gold coins of the Shogunate, in 1873; and the other by the Osaka Mint of the Meiji government in 1921.Though the one made by Chuzaburo Sato is more useful to the study of Tokugawa currency, his table is based on the materials in the last part of the Edo period. The present writer constructs a new table using earlie source materials in this paper.
著者
平田 雅博
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.80, no.4, pp.475-490, 2015 (Released:2017-03-15)
著者
今堀 誠二
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.4, pp.419-451, 1942
著者
佐々井 真知
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.80, no.2, pp.233-249, 2014-08-25 (Released:2017-06-03)

シルクウーマンとは,中世後期イングランドで絹加工業に従事していた女性熟練工の総称である。本稿は,シルクウーマンの実像を,彼女たちの社会関係に注目して明らかにすることを目的とする。史料として15,16世紀ロンドンのシルクウーマン27名の遺言書を用いる。これらの遺言書を遺贈相手に注目して分析し,さらに同時代のロンドンの女性の遺言書および15世紀ロンドンの商工業者の一例である刃物工の遺言書と比較する。遺言書から,シルクウーマンは同業者,各種団体,地域,夫の同業者などを含む広範な個人・団体とのつながりを築いていたことがわかる。同時代のロンドンの女性が築いた社会関係と重複する部分が多いが,同業者および男性の友人への遺贈が多くの遺言書に見られる点が特徴的である。刃物工の遺言書と比較すると,同業ギルドを結成していなかったシルクウーマンは,各種団体に同業ギルドの役割を求めていたと推測される。従来の研究が示してきた,専門技術を持ち,同業ギルド不在で活動する女性熟練工というシルクウーマン像に,広範な社会関係を築いて活動していた女性という特徴を加えたい。
著者
井上 正夫
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.5, pp.541-561, 2005-01-25 (Released:2017-08-09)

Towards the end of the twelfth century, Chinese copper coins began to circulate in Japan. However, it is well documented that the rulers of the country at the time tried to exclude these coins. Up till now, researchers have ascribed this reaction to the entry of Chinese coins as ideological, due to the fact that they were a foreign currency, an obstacle to domestic trade and therefore the cause of price fluctuations. However, analysis of the contemporary legal situation regarding prices and interestrates, and the debates about them, reveals that the main reason lay elsewhere. It was a response to the fact that the circulation of Chinese copper coins resulted in a devaluation of rice, which the rulers used as currency. In fact, the rulers did not think of the Song dynasty coins as the only cause of the problem, since they criticized all copper coins including Japanese ones. It is therefore clear that the argument was not ideological but economic. Moreover, comparison with the Liao dynasty of north China and the Koryo dynasty of Korea shows that gold dust for export was an important factor that allowed the circulation of copper coins in Japan.