著者
Kazue Ishitsuka Mayumi Tsuji Megumi Yamamoto Rie Tanaka Reiko Suga Mami Kuwamura Toshihide Sakuragi Masayuki Shimono Koichi Kusuhara the Japan Environment and Children’s Study Group
出版者
The Japanese Society for Hygiene
雑誌
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine (ISSN:1342078X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, pp.47, 2023 (Released:2023-08-30)
参考文献数
50

Background: Fish are a rich source of essential nutrients that protect against preterm birth. However, as fish can absorb environmental pollutants, their consumption can also increase the risk of preterm birth. This study aimed to assess whether maternal fish consumption during pregnancy is associated with preterm birth in a nationwide large Japanese cohort that consumed relatively high amounts and many types of fish.Methods: This study included 81,428 mother-child pairs enrolled in a nationwide prospective Japanese birth cohort study. Fish consumption was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association of total consumption of fish, fatty fish and lean fish, fish paste, and seafood and clams with preterm birth, adjusted for potential confounders.Results: There was no association between overall fish consumption and preterm births. However, the highest quintile of fish paste consumption was significantly associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI: 1.04, 1.17]). The consumption of baked fish paste at least three times per week was significantly associated with preterm birth (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.40). Consumption of other types of fish, except fish paste, was not significantly associated with preterm birth risk.Conclusions: Fish paste consumption may increase the risk of preterm birth. Further studies are required to confirm this association.
著者
土井 冬樹
出版者
ニュージーランド学会
雑誌
ニュージーランド研究 (ISSN:18815197)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, pp.7-22, 2023 (Released:2023-11-27)

Māori haka is widely known as a war dance or a war cry, partly because of how it is performed by the All Blacks, the national rugby team of New Zealand, before each game of rugby. This paper examined how haka is and was presented to the public in the past and present. During World Wars I and II, the haka performance was designed to convey the message that “Māori is the warrior” to encourage Māori to serve as soldiers, so they could gain equal rights as mainstream New Zealanders or Pākehā. After World War II, Māori people started indigenous movements that allowed Māori people to realise or reaffirm that the words of the haka and the history of the haka are significant. Therefore, these days, Māori people have a tendency to criticise non-Māori performing haka because they believe non-Māori do not appropriately represent Māori tribal history and ancestors. In this way, we can observe the shift of emphasis on the value of performing haka from one of display of masculinity to one of cultural importance.
著者
北澤 勇気 坂間 清子 菅原 佳城
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.89, no.927, pp.23-00114, 2023 (Released:2023-11-25)
参考文献数
15

In recent years, there has been active development of robots that play a role in people's lives. These robots require actuators that have high responsiveness and high output force in addition to being small. Furthermore, safety and contact affinity are also required for these actuators. An actuator that can balance high responsiveness, high output, and contact affinity is developed in this study. The proposed system is a hybrid system of hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Hydraulic systems are generally used in machines that require large forces, such as construction machinery, because they have high responsiveness and high output force. However, hydraulic systems have poor contact affinity. On the other hand, pneumatic systems are used in machines that come into contact with people, such as power assist suits and massage chairs, because they have high contact affinity, although their output is inferior to that of hydraulic systems. Generally, the mixing of air bubbles into hydraulic oil is a problem. However, as the pressure increases, the rigidity of the working hydraulic oil mixed with bubbles approaches that of pure working hydraulic oil. If this characteristic is appropriately modeled and controlled, bubbles mixed into the working hydraulic oil can create a cushioning effect. Firstly, the relationship between the pressure and rigidity of hydraulic oil mixed with bubbles is demonstrated in this paper. Secondly, the mechanism of the hybrid system and the prototype model are explained. Lastly, the results of performance evaluation through analysis and experiments are presented. From these results, this paper shows that the proposed system has the potential to balance high responsiveness, high output, and contact affinity.
著者
後藤 英昭 原田 寛之 漆谷 重雄
出版者
一般社団法人 大学ICT推進協議会
雑誌
学術情報処理研究 (ISSN:13432915)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.1, pp.197-204, 2023-11-27 (Released:2023-11-27)
参考文献数
12

教育・研究機関向けの無線LANローミング基盤であるeduroamは,多くの機関で,ID・パスワードを使う形で運用されている.利用者がID・パスワードを記録しておく必要性があり,手作業での設定の負担が大きかった.一方,市民一般向けのローミング基盤であるOpenRoamingの開発と並行して,OSベンダ各社は近年,Wi-Fiプロファイルを用いたウェブベースの設定投入の仕組みを提供するようになった.これにより,WPA2 Enterpriseの無線LANでも,複雑な手順を踏まずに設定できるようになった.本研究では,主要なOSの対応状況を調査した.また,機関の情報システムに組み込んでWi-Fiプロファイルを発行できるようにするためのツールキットを開発した.このツールキットを用いると,組織のアカウントなどを用いてログイン済みのウェブサイトから,プロファイルを電子的手段で端末に流し込み,ID・パスワードレスなeduroam/OpenRoaming設定を実現できる.誤入力・設定ミスの可能性を極力排除することで,サービスの利便性と安定性の向上が期待される.
著者
角田 啓斗 山野 仁司 豊田 賢治
出版者
アクオス研究所
雑誌
水生動物 (ISSN:24348643)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2023, pp.AA2023-23, 2023-11-27 (Released:2023-11-27)

Many morphological abnormalities have been reported in crab species, including intersexual or gynandromorphic individuals with both male and female traits and morphological deformities of the chelipeds and other parts of the body. A gynandromorphic individual of the snow crab Chionoecetes opilio was recently captured in Fukui Prefecture, Japan, on November 12, 2023. This specimen had some characteristics of the male with terminal molt such as a huge carapace width and enlarged chela height, on the other hand, it had a female-like widened abdominal width. It also had male-like first pleopods and female-like pleopods with hairs. Although histological observations could not be made because it had been boiled, the gonad appeared to be an ovary. This is a gynandromorphic individual with both male and female morphological characteristics, therefore, a detailed record is hereby provided.
著者
伊賀 聡一郎 鉄川 弘樹
出版者
ヒューマンインタフェース学会
雑誌
ヒューマンインタフェース学会論文誌 (ISSN:13447262)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.4, pp.387-400, 2023-11-25 (Released:2023-11-25)
参考文献数
37

In this paper, we explore how humanists and technologists can work together in the field of HCI (human-computer interaction) at a corporate laboratory. We analyze six research cases at Xerox PARC to identify key insights. Our findings reveal three main perspectives: (1) It was found that the core responsibility for setting the research problem space has shifted over time from technologist-driven to humanity-driven research. Moreover, during the course of technologist-driven research, a conceptual shift occurred by leveraging the results of humanity-driven research. (2) Some projects led by the technologist side involve a back-and-forth transition between technologist-driven research and humanity-driven research. (3) As collaboration between the two sides becomes more process-oriented, the role of humanists expands to include setting the project’s problem space and goals. Finally, we provide insights into the future prospects for collaboration between humanists and technologists in corporate research laboratories based on our discussion of these findings.
著者
Yuki Oya Morio Hagiya
出版者
The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology
雑誌
Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.2, pp.255-262, 2023-11-24 (Released:2023-11-24)
参考文献数
14

We establish a new genus of candimboidid polyclad, Chimaeriplana gen. nov., based on a new species, C. japonica sp. nov., collected from Kanagawa, the coast of Sagami Bay, Japan. Chimaeriplana japonica sp. nov. is characterized by (i) an interpolated prostatic vesicle with a seminal vesicle, (ii) a penis stylet with a split tip, (iii) numerous prostatoid organs in the male atrium, (iv) a bursa copulatrix, and (v) without Lang’s vesicle. In addition, we modify the definition of Candimboididae.
著者
濵田 千枝美 蓑田 恒平 三宅 功祐 眞田 彩華 石川 成人 安藤 恒平 真弓 俊彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会
雑誌
日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.1, pp.41-45, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-02-28)
参考文献数
12

わが国においてショック充電中に胸骨圧迫を実施すると充電がキャンセルされるAEDが存在するといわれているが,その実状は不明である。また,無脈性心室頻拍の際にAEDが除細動の適応なしと誤判定した症例も報告されているが,AEDのショック適応基準などのプログラムも不明である。今回,それらを明らかにするためにアンケート調査を行った。 結果:AED製造/ 販売メーカー8社から,AED,半自動式除細動器,AEDモード付きマニュアル除細動器合計44機種の回答を得た。そのうち,ショック充電中に胸骨圧迫により充電がキャンセルされる機種が30機種,充電中も胸骨圧迫が可能な機種は14機種であった。また,無脈性心室頻拍の鑑別は各AED製造企業が独自のプログラムを組んでいることが判明した。 今後,さらなるAEDの機種の改善・開発や適切なAED使用方法の周知や対応により,救命率の向上につながることに期待する。
著者
Raiki YAMADA Toshiro TAKAHASHI Yasuhiro OGITA
出版者
Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences
雑誌
Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences (ISSN:13456296)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.118, no.1, pp.221219a, 2023 (Released:2023-11-24)
参考文献数
98

Oligocene to Miocene volcanic rocks from the Toyama basin of the SW Japan arc, that were formed during back-arc spreading in the Japan Sea, were examined to reveal their petrogenesis and temporal change of arc volcanism during the Japan Sea opening. The arc volcanism in the Toyama basin initiated with rhyolitic pyroclastic flows (Tori Formation) containing hecatolite (moonstone) in 23-22 Ma. Enriched Sr-Nd isotope (SrI = 0.70769-0.70944; NdI = 0.51203-0.51224) suggests that contemporaneous andesitic magma (Kamiwazumi and Matsunagi Formations) mixed or assimilated basement granitoids and gneisses of the Hida belt to generate rhyolitic magma. Subsequently, andesitic volcanism (Iwaine Formation) occurred in 18-17 Ma after magmatic hiatus. Andesitic lavas of the Iwaine Formation are composed of high magnesian andesite (HMA), high-Sr andesite and tholeiitic andesite. HMA has Mg# > 64, high Cr and Ni concentrations, not so high Th/Yb and (La/Sm)N ratios, and slightly enriched Sr-Nd isotope (SrI = 0.70482; NdI = 0.51279). High-Sr andesite has relatively low SiO2 content (<60 wt%), high Sr (>2000 ppm) and K2O contents (3.98 wt% in the maximum), indicating that it is low-SiO2 adakite. These geochemical characteristics suggest that HMA and high-Sr andesite were produced by partial melting of the mantle wedge saturated by H2O derived from slab fluid and metasomatized by slab melt, respectively. Although chemical variation diagrams suggest tholeiitic andesite seems to have been generated from basaltic magma, it has enriched Sr-Nd isotope (SrI = 0.70713-0.70756; NdI = 0.51237-0.51241). Thus, tholeiitic andesite is considered to have been produced by AFC (assimilation and fractional crystallization) after generation of basaltic parental magma. Andesitic magmatism of the Iwaine Formation was followed by rhyolitic magmatism of the Iozen Formation in 17-16 Ma. The petrogenesis of the rhyolite from the Iozen Formation can be explained by low-rate mixing between andesitic magma (Iwaine Formation) and the Hida belt. The petrogeneses of the andesites, especially HMA and high-Sr andesite, are related to slab melting. Because the old and cold Pacific plate was subducting beneath the Toyama basin during the Japan Sea opening, additional heat source such as upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle into the mantle wedge is required. Moreover, back-arc spreading in the Japan Sea was driven by upwelling of the asthenospheric mantle into the mantle wedge.
著者
小沢 千重子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本水産学会
雑誌
日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.12, pp.2177-2181, 1986-12-25 (Released:2008-02-29)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
5 4

Attempts were made to use sodium bicarbonate as an accelerator in detoxification of toxic puffer ovaries during pickled product processing, which is rather common in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Fresh ovaries of a puffer, “mafugu”Fugu vermicularis porphyreus were divided into three portions, sprinkled with a solid salt mixture containing O, 3.3 or 6.6% NaHCO3, and were stored for seven months, followed by one-year pickling with rice bran. Samples were taken at each step and assayed for toxicity, pH, VBN, etc. The results obtained showed that the detoxification during the process was most marked when the solid salt containing 6.6% NaHCO3 was used for sprinkling. In addtion, organoleptic tests demonstrated that the pickled product thus processed did not differ from the one prepared according to the usual method, with respect to taste, flavor and appearance.
著者
秋篠宮 悠仁 飯島 健 清 拓哉
出版者
独立行政法人 国立科学博物館
雑誌
国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.4, pp.129-153, 2023-11-22 (Released:2023-11-22)
参考文献数
13

Faunal survey of dragonflies and damselflies in the Akasaka Imperial Garden, Tokyo, was conducted during 2012 to 2022, and recorded a total amount of 38 species including some species possibly occasionally came from outside (e.g. Anotogaster sieboldii). Previous study from 2002 to 2004 by Saitô et al., (2005) reported 24 Odonata species from the garden. In comparative with this record, additional 16 species are newly recorded by our survey but two species were not re-observed. Almost all the recorded species are lentic ones. It would be caused by the scarcity of lotic environment in the garden. A total of 12 threatened species ranked in the red list concerned with the biota of Tokyo (Natural Environment Division, Bureau of Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, 2023) is found. This result could be one of rationales for the continued preservation of the Akasaka Imperial Garden, one of precious urban greens in the Tokyo metropolitan area.
著者
藤木 明
出版者
一般社団法人 日本数学会
雑誌
数学 (ISSN:0039470X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.4, pp.317-330, 1979-10-31 (Released:2008-12-25)
参考文献数
39
著者
宮脇 かおり
出版者
日本記号学会
雑誌
記号学研究 (ISSN:27588580)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.20-36, 2023 (Released:2023-11-24)

本論文は人とモノとのコミュニケーションが生起する場としてのぬいぐるみに着目する。本論文は『ユリイカ』2021年1月号の「ぬいぐるみの世界」という特集を分析対象とした。愛好家たちの語りを「コミュニケーション」を軸概念として分析する中で、以下が明らかになった。ぬいぐるみとのコミュニケーションは何もしない、何も起こらないことが前提となっている、変動要素が極端に少ないコミュニケーションである。ぬいぐるみとのコミュニケーションは所有者が人間であることを再確認させ、所有者の感情を表出させる。またぬいぐるみの劣化に対し、その愛好家たちは一緒に過ごした証として肯定的な意味づけを行う。そしてぬいぐるみは物でありながら視線や魂を感じさせるという、矛盾する概念を同居させている存在である。 今回の分析から、ぬいぐるみというモノと人間のコミュニケーションは実践されているということ、そして人間がぬいぐるみを使うだけでなく、ぬいぐるみが人間の(人間同士のコミュニケーションでは表出しなかった)ことばや感情、感覚を引き出すことも明示された。これらはコミュニケーションが人間同士以外でも起こりうることや、モノが人間の在り方に影響を与えうること示しており、コミュニケーション研究や記号論の人間中心主義からの脱却への一つの契機となりうるだろう。
著者
髙木 咲織
出版者
日本記号学会
雑誌
記号学研究 (ISSN:27588580)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.37-50, 2023 (Released:2023-11-24)

記号に「指示」と「例示」という二つの働きを見出したグッドマンは、特に例示の働きを重視し、「隠喩的例示」に「表現」という特別な名を与えた。例示が重視されたのは、例示されるものが言語によっては置き換えられないものであるために「経験を再組織化」するためである。しかし、既に言語によって記述されている文学作品において、記号がどのように「経験の再組織化」を可能にするのかについては、グッドマンの説明は不十分である。本稿では、言語で記述された隠喩が「経験の再組織化」を可能にする事例を挙げ、そこでイメージというレイヤーが重要であることを見るが、それに先だって、あらゆる隠喩が何かを「表現」するわけではないことを確認するべく、表現的でない隠喩の例についても検討する。すると、イメージにおいて稠密で充満した記号システムによって読み取られる場合に、「経験の再組織化」が可能になることがわかる。このとき、記号システムは作品附随的なものではなく読者/鑑賞者付随的なものと考えるべきである。そう考えることで、グッドマンが「美的なものの兆候」として示した稠密性と充満が、彼自身が想定している以上に重要であることが明らかになる。
著者
小河原 洋平 田浦 扶充子 島谷 幸宏
出版者
公益社団法人 土木学会
雑誌
土木学会論文集B1(水工学) (ISSN:2185467X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, no.5, pp.I_355-I_360, 2018 (Released:2019-12-05)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
2 3

善福寺川上流域において,一つの合流式下水道の雨天時越流水(CSO)越流口の集水域を対象とし,グリーンインフラ(GI)を導入した場合のマンホール溢水量及びCSOの抑制効果を検証した.溢水量は2つの年超過確立1/100および極端豪雨として2017年7月に発生した九州北部豪雨の降雨波形を用い,CSOについては観測降雨による年間の降雨波形を用いた.GIは,戸建住宅では50%の樋と桝との連結を切り,前庭は雨水を浸透させる雨庭(浸透型植栽空間)にする.また,道路や学校,公園等でも透水性の舗装や緑地等による流出抑制を行う等の計画を行った.全対策を導入することで,(1)溢水量はどの降雨波形においても90%以上の抑制がみられ,(2)年間のCSO発生回数・発生量を大幅に削減できた.都市の洪水及びCSO対策として,GIの導入は非常に有効であることが明らかとなった.