著者
Takahiro Suzuki Atsushi Mizuno Haruyo Yasui Satsuki Noma Takashi Ohmori Jeffrey Rewley Fujimi Kawai Takeo Nakayama Naoki Kondo Yayoi Tetsuou Tsukada
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-23-0443, (Released:2023-12-11)
参考文献数
80

Background: Despite the importance of implementing the concept of social determinants of health (SDOH) in the clinical practice of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the tools available to assess SDOH have not been systematically investigated. We conducted a scoping review for tools to assess SDOH and comprehensively evaluated how these tools could be applied in the field of CVD.Methods and Results: We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase databases on July 25, 2023. Studies that evaluated an SDOH screening tool with CVD as an outcome or those that explicitly sampled or included participants based on their having CVD were eligible for inclusion. In addition, studies had to have focused on at least one SDOH domain defined by Healthy People 2030. After screening 1984 articles, 58 articles that evaluated 41 distinct screening tools were selected. Of the 58 articles, 39 (67.2%) targeted populations with CVD, whereas 16 (27.6%) evaluated CVD outcome in non-CVD populations. Three (5.2%) compared SDOH differences between CVD and non-CVD populations. Of 41 screening tools, 24 evaluated multiple SDOH domains and 17 evaluated only 1 domain.Conclusions: Our review revealed recent interest in SDOH in the field of CVD, with many useful screening tools that can evaluate SDOH. Future studies are needed to clarify the importance of the intervention in SDOH regarding CVD.
著者
Motoko Igisu Masayuki Miyazaki Sanae Sakai Satoshi Nakagawa Hiroyuki D. Sakai Ken Takai
出版者
Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles
雑誌
Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.4, pp.ME23052, 2023 (Released:2023-10-18)
参考文献数
29

Infrared spectroscopy is used for the chemical characterization of prokaryotes. However, its application has been limited to cell aggregates and lipid extracts because of the relatively low spatial resolution of diffraction. We herein report optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR) spectroscopy of prokaryotes for a domain-level diagnosis at the single-cell level. The technique provided infrared spectra of individual bacterial as well as archaeal cells, and the resulting aliphatic CH3/CH2 intensity ratios showed domain-specific signatures, which may reflect distinctive cellular lipid compositions; however, there was interference by other cellular components. These results suggest the potential of O-PTIR for a domain-level diagnosis of single prokaryotic cells in natural environments.
著者
Yusuke Ito Yoshihiro Yoshimura Fumihiko Nagano Ayaka Matsumoto Shin Nomura
出版者
The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine
雑誌
Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, pp.20230044, 2023 (Released:2023-12-09)
参考文献数
48

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether the phase angle is associated with physical function at discharge and discharge destination in patients with osteoporotic fragile fractures.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients with fragile osteoporotic fractures who were admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward. The phase angle was calculated using a body composition meter and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The primary outcome was the Functional Independence Measure motor (FIM-motor) score at discharge, and the secondary outcome was discharge to home. Multivariate analysis was used to determine the association between phase angle and FIM-motor scores at discharge and discharge to home.Results: The study included 127 patients (108 women, age 81.2 ± 9.7 years). The median phase angle on admission was 4.1° for men and 3.6° for women. The median FIM-motor score at discharge was 83, with 92 (72.4%) patients discharged home and 35 (27.6%) discharged to a destination other than home. Multiple regression analysis adjusted for confounders revealed a significant independent association between the phase angle and FIM-motor score at discharge (β=0.262, P=0.019). However, no significant association was found between phase angle and discharge destination (odds ratio, 1.350; 95% confidence interval: 0.680–2.670, P=0.391).Conclusions: Phase angle was independently associated with physical function at discharge in patients with fragile osteoporotic fractures. For patients with a reduced phase angle on admission, a multidisciplinary approach, including exercise, nutrition, oral health, and medication, should be implemented to maximize improvement in physical function.
著者
近藤 真由 後藤 昌人 安田 孝美
出版者
日本社会情報学会
雑誌
日本社会情報学会全国大会研究発表論文集 日本社会情報学会 第24回全国大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.140-143, 2009 (Released:2010-02-26)

In recent years, the websites that were successful on web business are the ones that functions as a "database media". An original database is built, and users participate adding data to it. As a result, the value of contents that can be offered on the website is enhanced. In this study, we verify how these concepts of database media are applied in a new local community website. Showing clearly how database media are utilized in an area and what kind of effect is obtained is important not only for the local website, but also for the local community.
著者
成澤 直規 池田 真有花 竹永 章生
出版者
公益財団法人 日本醸造協会
雑誌
日本醸造協会誌 (ISSN:09147314)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.114, no.9, pp.550-556, 2019 (Released:2023-12-10)
参考文献数
22

魚醤油は,生産量は醤油の僅か0.2%にも満たないが,国際化が進むにつれて,調理における隠し味として人気を博してきている。今回は海外の魚醤油の中でも,中国の魚醤油 魚露(イールー)について焦点を絞って,その成分の特徴について日本の魚醤油と比較して丁寧に解説いただいた。同じ調味料の仲間として醤油や醸造の研究開発に関わっている関係者の皆様には是非ご一読をお勧めする。
著者
小西 聖子 小西 聖子 山上 皓
出版者
東京医科歯科大学
雑誌
一般研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
1994

触法精神障害者の処遇についてはこれまで様々な議論が行われてきた。しかしその実態についての研究は症例報告等にとどまることが多く、その全体の概観さえも不明であった。わが国では触法精神障害者について法務省により毎年、全国規模の調査が行われている。この調査を基礎にして、再犯に関するその他の資料を収集し、分析することにより、触法精神障害者の犯罪及び処遇に関する知見をえた。今回我々はこの全例について1981年から1991年までの11年間における再犯に関する追跡調査を行い4つの分析を行った。第一には、946人全てを対象として、概観をえるための解析を行った。この時点で明らかになったことは、再犯者にも様々なサブグループが存在し、精神分裂病者の殺人事件はむしろ再犯全体の中では異質な要因として影響を及ぼしているという事である。次にこれら487件の内容についての概要を示した。病名については精神病質、覚醒剤中毒とされた者の再犯率が最も高くそれぞれ100%、66%であり、精神分裂病や躁病では15%,11%と低率である。しかし精神分裂病の再犯事件には凶悪犯罪が比較的多く含まれている。更に殺人と放火については、一般犯罪者を対照群として比較を行っている。三番目に207例のうち、再犯回数が最も多かった2例について事例検討を行った。この2例は精神分裂病であり、さらにいくつかの共通の特徴を持っていた。最後に特に処遇上の問題が大きいと考えられる精神分裂病の殺人の事例に対象を限ってロジスティックモデルを使った解析を行った。現在我々は1994年における触法精神障害者のデータを入手し、更に分析中である。本研究の内容に関してはさらに分析手法を洗練させる必要もあり、これらをあわせて研究を進める予定である。
著者
笹井 理生
出版者
一般社団法人 日本物理学会
雑誌
日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.12, pp.901-908, 1997-12-05 (Released:2008-04-14)
参考文献数
22

蛋白質の立体構造のイメージは我々に驚きを与える. 自然はどうしてこのような美しい, 精妙な構造を作ったのだろうか? そして, それに劣らず不思議なことは, ランダムな鎖にほどけている蛋白質が条件さえ整えば, 生理活性を持つ構造へ自発的にフォールドする能力を持つことである. 最近, 統計物理学的な視点でこのフォールディング過程の問題が扱われ, エネルギー面の統計的性質がその中心概念であることが明らかにされてきた. この見方は実験にも影響を与え, 新しい実験方法の開拓を促した. フォールディングの物理はこれまでの物理の枠を拡げて, 情報, 形, 進化を問題にする複雑系の科学を産み出そうとしているのかもしれない.
著者
Hiroyuki Matsuyama
出版者
Arachnological Society of Japan
雑誌
Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.2, pp.101-107, 2023-12-10 (Released:2023-12-10)

Understanding the hard tick (Acari: Ixodida) fauna of the Iriomote cat (Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis Imaizumi 1967), an endangered species, is important for ecosystem conservation. However, there are no comprehensive reports on this topic. In this study, literature on the composition of tick species infesting Iriomote cats between 1975 and 2012 were compared. This study also reviewed on tick-borne pathogens found on Iriomote Island. Ticks Amblyomma testudinarium Koch 1844, Haemaphysalis hystricis Supino 1897, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann 1901, and Asiatic blue ticks (Rhipicephalus [Boophilus] microplus Canestrini 1888) were identified from Iriomote cats. Asiatic blue ticks were identified in 1975 and 1983–1985, whereas H. longicornis was identified from Iriomote cats for the first time in 2011–2012. Amblyomma testudinarium and H. hystricis were identified from Iriomote cats throughout the study period. Gene fragments of Anaplasma bovis Dumler et al. 2001, Babesia gibsoni Patton 1910, Bartonella henselae Brenner et al. 1993, Ehrlichia canis Donatien and Lestoquard 1935, Hepatozoon felis Patton 1908, and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum were detected in ticks and/or animals such as domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris Linnaeus 1758), domestic cats (Felis catus Linnaeus 1758) and Iriomote cats on Iriomote Island. However, because the same genotypes of tick-borne pathogens were unknown or have not been detected in animal and tick species, the transmission network of tick-borne pathogens between hosts and ticks on Iriomote Island is unknown. Further studies are needed to understand the network structure of host-tick-pathogens on Iriomote Island, based on accurate identification of the pathogen genotype, and the risk of tick-borne pathogens in the Iriomote cat.
著者
桒原 良輔 仲間 信道 野田 聖
出版者
日本蜘蛛学会
雑誌
Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.2, pp.135-147, 2023-12-10 (Released:2023-12-10)

「図鑑 日本のむかで」は史上最多種数の日本産ムカデ類の画像を掲載した図鑑である.しかし,本書には全160 ページの中に100 カ所を超える誤りがある.本稿ではこれらの問題を説明し,部分的な解決案を提案するとともに,昨今の図鑑の倫理的誠実さの欠如に警鐘を鳴らす.また,和名の新称・改称を行い,和名の命名ガイドラインの必要性を論じた.
著者
岡田 昌彰 薮内 慎太郎
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.5, pp.663-668, 2008-03-31 (Released:2009-05-08)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
1 1

Kyoto City is known to hold quite a few modern architectures or industrial and civil engineering heritage, however, it also remains modern parks for children which have characteristic structures of space which lead to form unique landscape. This study surveyed all of 55 parks in Kyoto City built in the early Showa Period to manifest the spatial structures formed with unique items, such as gates, "radio tower", faucets, or wistaria trellis to form the axis and vista even from the outside of the park. We classified the axis pattern of parks into 6 categories, by constructing their data-base and pointed out the emphasis of visual connection of spaces inside and outside of the park.