著者

野田 健児 テラワッサクール マニサ

出版者

日本雑草学会

雑誌

雑草研究 (ISSN:0372798X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.55-60, 1982-05-26

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National Weed Science Research Institute Project has been started in September, 1980 in Thailand sponsored by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). This project is derived from the seriousness of weed problems in agricultural as well as non-agricultural situations in Thailand at present. In order to learn its necessity, the Preliminary Survey in February to March 1979, the Long-term Survey in January to February 1980 and the Implementation Survey for Record of Discussion in April 1980 were performed by JICA. In this paper, the outlines of weed problems in Thailand and of project performance have been introduced. 1. Principal weed species in Thailand are listed in Tables I to 3 in respective paddy, upland and non-agricultural sectors. They are considerably different from those in Japan, and some of them should be laid special stress on control in actual fields and then be employed mainly in research in the coming time. 2. The greatest damage due to weeds is yield losses of crops, particularly in direct-seeded rice, lower planted and/or large scaled crops such as soybeans, mungbeans and peanuts, and intensively cultivated vegetables. Further, small scaled rubber has given severely reduced latex yield due to weeds and woody plants. Further, specific weeds have provided hazardous effects in agricultural operation, useful animals and human kind in fields and so on. 3. Main methods of weed control in Thailand are composed of water control in paddy and hand weeding by small tools in upland. Herbicide application is now less, but it seems to increase very much if effective herbicides are developed because farmers have strong interest in it. 4. National Weed Science Research Project (NWSRI project) has been started in September, 1980 in order to solve urgent weed problems but also to make permanently upgrading of weed science research activity in Thailand because of its backwardness compared with plant pathology and entomology in the plant protection field. 5. The project involves three kinds of activity: 1) Dispatch of long- and short-term experts from Japan 2) Supply of equipment and/or machinery necessary to do cooperative work in Thailand 3) Training of counterparts in appropriate organizations of Japan.