著者

櫻井 秀子

雑誌

中央大学政策文化総合研究所年報 (ISSN:13442902)

巻号頁・発行日

no.16, pp.69-84, 2013-08-23

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The purpose of the paper is to consider the nature of democracy in Islam by examining the concept of the self, the relationship between the self and the other, and the meaning of al-nās, i.e. people, which is a key concept for understanding Islamic democracy. The paper, however, first examines the nature of democracy in the modern nation-state which has a tendency to protect the rights of socially dominant people by excluding the weak from the public sphere. This point is explained by referring to R. Espositoʼs concepts of immunitus and comunitus in modern politics. The paper then explains the concept of al-nās based on Sharīʻatīʼs interpretation in the 1970s and shows that in the Islamic community people are interrelated with each other with an ontologically equal right, while they are endowed with the different characteristics and abilities. Finally, Sharīʻatīʼs idea about the just leadership of religious scholars in Ali's Shia and Safavi's Shia is examined to better understand the dilemma and difficulties of realizing democracy in the Islamic Republic in Iran.