- 著者
-
常脇 恒一郎
JENKINS B. Charles
- 出版者
- The Genetics Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 遺伝学雑誌 (ISSN:0021504X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.36, no.11, pp.428-443, 1961
- 被引用文献数
-
17
Genetic control of growth habit and awnedness in common wheat was studied by the aneuploid and the conventional methods of analysis. Using the 21 monosomic lines of the spring variety, Chinese Spring, as female parents, crosses were made with seven varieties. In addition, diallel crosses were made among the seven varieties and Chinese Spring.<br>Growth habit was found to be controlled by genes belonging to three allelic series <i>Sg<sub>1</sub>, Sg<sub>2</sub></i> and <i>Sg</i><sub>3</sub>, located on chromosomes XVIII, IX and XIII, respectively. The <i>Sg</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>Sg</i><sub>2</sub> series appeared to have three alleles and the <i>Sg</i><sub>3</sub> series had two alleles; the alleles being <i>Sg<sub>1</sub>, Sg<sub>1</sub><sup>c</sup></i> and <i>sg<sub>1</sub>, Sg<sub>2</sub>, Sg<sub>2</sub><sup>c</sup></i> and <i>sg</i><sub>2</sub> and <i>Sg</i><sub>3</sub> and <i>sg</i><sub>3</sub> in order of dominance for each series.<br>Genotypes of the eight varieties are proposed, namely, <i>sg<sub>1</sub> sg<sub>2</sub> Sg</i><sub>3</sub> for Elgin, Kharkov and Jones Fife, <i>Sg<sub>1</sub><sup>c</sup> Sg<sub>2</sub><sup>c</sup> Sg</i><sub>3</sub> for Chinese Spring, <i>Sg<sub>1</sub><sup>c</sup> Sg<sub>2</sub> Sg<sub>3</sub></i> for Red Egyptian, <i>Sg<sub>1</sub> Sg<sub>2</sub><sup>c</sup> Sg</i><sub>3</sub> for S-615 and <i>Sg<sub>1</sub> Sg<sub>2</sub> sg<sub>3</sub></i> for Prelude and Red Bobs.<br>All winter varieties studied carried the typical winter habit genes, <i>sg</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>sg</i><sub>2</sub>. The gene <i>sg</i><sub>1</sub> was much more effective than <i>sg</i><sub>2</sub> in delaying heading. Spring varieties carried some of the less effective spring habit genes, <i>Sg<sub>1</sub><sup>c</sup>, Sg<sub>2</sub><sup>c</sup></i> or <i>sg</i><sub>3</sub> instead of the typical spring habit genes, <i>Sg<sub>1</sub>, Sg</i><sub>2</sub> or <i>Sg</i><sub>3</sub>.<br>Concerning awnedess, monosomic analysis revealed that awnlessness of Chinese Spring is ascribed to two inhibitors <i>Hd</i> and <i>B</i><sub>2</sub> on chromosomes VIII and X, respectively while that of Red Bobs to the presence of inhibitors <i>B</i><sub>1</sub> on chromosome IX and <i>B</i><sub>2</sub> and the absence of the <i>a</i><sub>1</sub> promotor on chromosome II; awnlettedness of Elgin and Jones Fife is controlled by the <i>B</i><sub>1</sub> gene; and awnedness of Prelude, Kharkov, S-615 and Red Egyptian is due to absence of all inhibitors. Conventional analysis confirmed the results obtained by monosomic analysis and indicated that an inhibitor on chromosome XVI of Chinese Spring affected F<sub>2</sub> segregation of awnedness when crosses were made between Chinese Spring and other varieties.