著者

高森 基史 小森 康雄 中島 仁一 千葉 博茂

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本口腔科学会

雑誌

日本口腔科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00290297)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.283-292, 2005-03-10 (Released:2011-01-31)

参考文献数

21

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In the diagnosis of HIV-infection, it is essential to carry out the check test after a screening test. If saliva can be used for this check test, the test is far safer to perform than a blood test. To investigate the potential for diagnostic misjudgment due to non-specific reactions, differences from the blood test, and the reliability of the check test, saliva samples from 20 HIV infected patients, 29 false-positive risk patients, and 34 healthy volunteers were checked via the test. Similarly, the relationship between this check test and the result of the ELISA method of Orasure using saliva was investigated.By means of the test using saliva (the WB method), all HIV infected patients were detected as positive, while all healthy volunteers were shown to be negative. Regarding the false-positive risk patients, both saliva samples from the two persons detected as false-positive via the ELISA method using saliva were shown to be negative by this check test.The rate of appearance of non-specific bands for healthy volunteers and false-positive risk patients by the WB method was 42.2% in saliva samples, and 64.7 % in blood samples, indicating a higher rate of appearance in blood samples, relative to saliva samples. The molecular weight of most non-specific bands present in the saliva samples was approx. 80kDa, and bands corresponding to P25 and P18 were detected with high frequency in the blood samples. In 15 saliva samples from the false positiverisk patients, which were simultaneously inves tigatedusing the ELISA and WB methods, non-specific bands were detected in 6 samples, which were shown to be negative by the ELISA method, and in 2 samples, which were shown to be false positive by the ELISA method. In 6 of those 8 samples, bands with a weight of approx. 80kD were detected. In the measurement of pure saliva samples, bands with a weight of approx. 80 kDa were detected in 6 of 8 samples, only in parotid saliva. Circadian change in the non-specific reaction was demonstrated in 4 of 6 samples, which were immediately supplied from patients after a meal. All of these non specificreactions, however, had no effect on the results regarding diagnosis of HIV infection. Furthermore, no new band was detected in saliva samples to which a high-concentration of intra-oral microbe had been added. These results suggest that the HIV antibody test by salivasamples is a sufficiently reliable test.