著者

砂本 順三 岩本 清 上杉 辰顕 小島 一幸 古瀬 一磨

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.8, pp.2891-2897, 1984-08-25

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To evaluate the spermicidal effect of several nonionic surfactants against human spermatozoa, the physicochemical lysis of liposomal membranes by the surfactants has been investigated. Surfactants employed in this work were menfegol (TS-88), nonoxynol-9 (INP-90), octoxynol-9 (NOP-90), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). Lysis of liposomes by these spermicidal surfactants was quantitatively followed by monitoring the induced release of carboxyfluorescein (CF) encapsulated in the interior of liposomes. When the liposomes reconstituted with boar spermatozoal lipids and about 31% (by wt.) cholesterol were employed, the sequence in efficiency of the surfactant-induced CF release from the liposomes was significantly correlated with that of efficiency of the surfactants in immobilizing human sperm (p<0.05). On the other hand, when egg lecithin liposomes or the liposomes reconstituted with boar spermatozoal lipids and cholesterol less than 21% (by wt.) were utilized, the sequence in efficiency of CF release from these liposomes coincided with that in the inhibiting effect of the surfactants on the fertilizing ability of sea urchin sperm. These effects were closely correlated with the membrane fluidity as controlled by the cholesterol content or lipid composition. Among menfegol analogues from TS-40 through TS-200,the efficiency in induced CF release from the liposomes showed a maximum at around ten ethylene oxide units length of the hydrophilic moiety in the surfactant. This was also the case for spermicidal effect of the TS-series surfactants. The data obtained are discussed at the molecular level from the viewpoint of the structural characteristics of the surfactants.

著者

奴賀 俊光 小島 一幸 永友 繁 前川 真紀子

出版者

特定非営利活動法人バードリサーチ

雑誌

Bird Research (ISSN:18801587)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.S1-S4, 2017 (Released:2017-04-15)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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2015年と2016年に東京都内湾運河部の防衝杭上でウミネコの繁殖を確認した.2015年6月18日にヒナを,2016年5月10日には同じ場所で3卵の巣を2巣確認し,周囲に10~20巣程度あると考えられた.5月18日にはヒナを確認し,6月24日には16羽の幼鳥を確認した.過去の繁殖記録から,ウミネコは内陸部から海岸部へ徐々に営巣地を移し,当地で営巣するようになったと考えられる.