著者

山家 哲雄

出版者

一般社団法人照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 = JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF JAPAN (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.12, pp.753-769, 2007-12-01

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When December comes, the Christmas market is held in each European country. Especially, the Federal Republic of Germany is the best place for the Christmas. And, Christmas illumination begins in each German city. Therefore, the city of each place in Germany becomes a very fantastic mood as that result. The landscape of the Christmas and the culture of the Christmas at various places in Germany are introduced by this paper.

著者

山家 哲雄

出版者

一般社団法人照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.6, pp.340-358, 2006-06-01

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Scandinavian design is ahead of the design of the world. I think that the feature of the Scandinavian designs is warmth, functional beauty, organic, simplicity, and humor. And, the concept of indirect lighting was invented in Scandinavia.In this report, the peculiar Scandinavian lighting environment hatched by geographic condition and the weather condition was discussed. In addition, the life style, urban lightscape, foods, architectural history and various cultures in Scandinavia are introduced. As mention above, the urban Lightscape in Scandinavian countries was a good lighting environment that harmonized with a natural environment.