著者

藤田 菜摘子

出版者

一般社団法人照明学会

雑誌

照明学会誌 (ISSN:00192341)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.6, pp.383-390, 2006-06-01

参考文献数

26

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The history of lighting in Sweden from pre-modern time to the nineteen-thirties spans from the torch to the electric light. Geographically it was Swedish architects and engeneers who played a signigicantly important role in the task of improving lighting. This is particularly true when one considers lighting in the home and in shop signs. The purpose of this paper has three main points. First is to describe a short history of lighting equipment and techniques. The breakthrough of the electric light in the late nineteenth century was regarded as a symbol of Modernization. It has changed the meaning and role of night life. The use of neon signs during the nineteen-twenties was discussed as to whether this lighting would add to the urban landscape or whether it distroyed the milieu. Second this paper focuses on the relationship between how Functionalism and lighting were combined in Swedish architecture, and how functionalists and philanthropists tried to enlighten the working class during the modern era. Two functionalist housing exhibitions are examined to describe how natural and artificial light were used politically to spread a concept of Modern life in Sweden. Thirdly this paper describes streetlighting in the urban context. Through careful combination of streetlights and building design architects attempted to harmonize the ubrban landscape. The significance of townplanners analysis and interpretation of this in the urban context is discussed. Two examples from Uppsala are presented in this paper.