著者

Harry Kojima Hidehiko Ishimoto

出版者

THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (ISSN:00319015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.11, pp.111001, 2008-11-15 (Released:2011-12-28)

参考文献数

103

被引用文献数

10

---

Under applied magnetic field, the originally single superfluid 3He transition near 3 mK in zero field splits into two transitions between which a new A1 phase emerges. The two second order transitions are marked by abrupt changes in viscosity, zero sound attenuation and nuclear magnetic resonance. To date, the maximum magnetic field for producing A1 phase is 15 T. The A1 phase has been identified with a spin-polarized (ferromagnetic) superfluid system which breaks the relative symmetry between spin, orbit and gauge spaces. A superfluid mass current in A1 is simultaneously a spin current resulting in the propagation of spin-entropy wave. Experiments with spin-entropy wave provide measurements of anisotropic superfluid density and strong coupling parameters, spin diffusion coefficient and texture transformations. Owing to the spin-polarized nature, superflows may be generated by applied magnetic field gradients and measured from the induced magnetic fountain pressure. The mechanical spin density detector is developed to measure the spin relaxation in A1 phase. The observed unexpected temperature dependence of the spin relaxation time gives evidence that the A1 phase contains a small amount of the predicted minority spin condensate from dipolar interaction energy.