- 著者
- Stepanenko Valeriy F. Hoshi Masaharu Dubasov Yuriy V. SAKAGUCHI Aya YAMAMOTO Masayoshi ORLOV Mark Y. BAILIFF Ian K. IVANNIKOV Alexander I. SKVORTSOV Valeriy G. IASKOVA Elena K. KRYUKOVA Irina G. ZHUMADILOV Kassym S. ENDO Satoru TANAKA Kenichi APSALIKOV Kazbek N. GUSEV Boris I.
- 出版者
- 放射線影響学会 = Japan Radiation Research Society
- 雑誌
- Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.47, pp.A149-A158, 2006-02-28
- 参考文献数
- 27
- 被引用文献数
- 10 21
金沢大学環日本海域環境研究センター地球環境計測研究部門Spatial distributions of soil contamination by 137Cs (89 sampling points) and 239+240pu (76 points) near and within Dolon village were analyzed. An essential exponential decrease of contamination was found in Dolon village: the distance of a half reduction in contamination is about 0.87-1.25 km (in a northwest-southeast direction from the supposed centerline of the radioactive trace). This fact is in agreement with the available exposure rate measurements near Dolon (September 1949 archive data): on the basis of a few measurements the pattern of the trace was estimated to comprise a narrow 2 km corridor of maximum exposure rate. To compare computed external doses in air with local dose estimates by retrospective luminescence dosimetry (RLD) the gradient of radioactive soil contamination within the village was accounted for. The computed dose associated with the central axis of the trace was found to be equal to 2260 mGy (calculations based on archive exposure rate data). Local doses near the RLD sampling points (southeast of the village) were calculated to be in the range 466-780 mGy (averaged value: 645+/-70 mGy), which is comparable with RLD data (averaged value 460+/-92 mGy with range 380-618 mGy). A comparison of the computed mean dose in the settlement with dose estimates by ESR tooth enamel dosimetry makes it possible to estimate the "upper level" of the "shielding and behavior" factor in dose reduction for inhabitants of Dolon village which was found to be 0.28+/-0.068.
- 著者
- TAKADA JUN HOSHI MASAHARU NAGATOMO TSUNETO YAMAMOTO MASAYOSHI ENDO SATORU TAKATSUJI TOSHIHIRO YOSHIKAWA ISAO GUSEV BORIS I. SAKERBAEV ALEXANDER K. TCHAIJUNUSOVA NAILYA.J.
- 出版者
- 日本放射線影響学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.40, no.4, pp.337-344, 1999-12
- 被引用文献数
- 13 33 44
Accumulated external radiation doses of residents near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site of the former USSR are presented as a results of study by the thermoluminescence technique for bricks sampled at several settlements in 1995 and 1996. The external doses that we evaluated from exposed bricks were up to about 100 cGy for resident. The external doses at several points in the center of Semipalatinsk City ranged from a background level to 60 cGy, which was remarkably high compared with the previously reported values based on military data. INTRODUCTION A total of 459 nuclear tests were conducted by the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) between 1949 and 1989 at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site (SNTS) of Kazakhstan, including 87 atmospheric, 26 on the ground, and 346 underground explosions1). The total release of the energy equivalent of trinitrotoluene (TNT) of about 18 Mt was eleven hundred times that of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. However, previous reports concerning the effects of radiation on residents near the SNTS based on data provided by the Defense Department of the former USSR2, 3) did not involve direct experimental data concerning the effective equivalent dose. They just measured some doses for particular settlements after some nuclear explosions. These did not indicate an integrated dose of the residents of all the explosions. The technique of thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD), which had been successfully applied in dosimetry for the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs4, 5), enabled us to evaluate the accumulated external gamma ray doses of all the nuclear explosions at specific places in the Semipalatinsk test site. The TLD technique is well-established not only for instantaneous exposure as in A-bombs (Hiroshima and Nagasaki)6) but also in prolonged exposure to natural radiation, which is used in dating7). Moreover, this technique was applicable for dosimetry studies of radioactive fallout as shown in studies of the Chernobyl accident8,9).
- 著者
- Imanaka Tetsuji Fukutani Satoshi Yamamoto Masayoshi SAKAGUCHI Aya HOSHI Masaharu
- 出版者
- 日本放射線影響学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of radiation research (ISSN:04493060)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.47, pp.A121-A127, 2006-02
- 被引用文献数
- 3 15
Dolon village, located about 60 km from the border of the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site, is known to be heavily contaminated by local fallout from the first USSR atomic bomb test in 1949. External radiation in Dolon was evaluated based on recent 137Cs data in soil and calculation of temporal change in the fission product composition. After fitting a log-normal distribution to the soil data, a 137Cs deposition of 32 kBq m-2, which corresponds to the 90th-percentile of the distribution, was tentatively chosen as a value to evaluate the radiation situation in 1949. Our calculation indicated that more than 95% of the cumulative dose for 50 y had been delivered within 1 y after the deposition. The resulting cumulative dose for 1 y after the deposition, normalized to the initial contamination containing 1 kBq m-2 of 137Cs, was 15.6 mGy, assuming a fallout arrival time of 3 h and a medium level of fractionation. Finally, 0.50 Gy of absorbed dose in air was derived as our tentative estimate for 1-year cumulative external dose in Dolon due to local fallout from the first USSR test in 1949.