- 著者
- FEIST J. H.
- 雑誌
- Chest
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.68, pp.340-345, 1975
- 被引用文献数
- 5 132
1 0 0 0 OA Materials data on the Internet
- 著者
- J. H. Westbrook
- 出版者
- CODATA
- 雑誌
- Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2, pp.198-212, 2003 (Released:2006-01-05)
- 参考文献数
- 35
- 被引用文献数
- 6
The availability of the Internet has provided unprecedented opportunities for both data compilers and users. With respect to materials data, this paper explores: how do we know what is available? how can data be accessed, interpreted, exchanged? what novel modes of presentation are now available? what organizations are active in this field and what are their programs? what improvements are needed? where do we go from here and how? Examples will be illustrated of specific materials databases available on the Internet from a variety of materials data fields, e.g. fundamental data, engineering design properties, environmental data, and materials safety data. While there is no question that large and widely varied bodies of data are accessible on the Internet, significant improvements are needed promptly. The paper concludes by summarizing these problems and possible means for their alleviation.
- 著者
- J.H. Boot
- 出版者
- 日本細胞生物学会
- 雑誌
- Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.21, no.4, pp.221-229, 1996 (Released:2006-03-27)
- 参考文献数
- 35
- 被引用文献数
- 6 8 8
Effects organic mercurials (PCMBS, PCMB, mersalyl) an alkylating reagent (NEM), disulphide reagents (DTP, CPDS) and the dithiocarbamate agent DSF (disulflram) were studied in hepatocyte culture. Cytotoxicity, was on a high level (organic mercurials), moderate (NEM, DTP), or none (DSF, CPDS). The organic mercurials and NEM induced glutathione depletion. Disulphide compounds were detoxified by metallothionein binding. Organic mercurials inhibited the cellular glucose uptake. The most prominent effect of NEM, DTP and DSF was an inhibition of the TCA-cycle. The hepatocellular BSP metabolism was delayed by all tested compounds. Albumin synthesis was stimulated by pyruvate and blocked by PCMB and PCMBS, by inhibiting the hepatocellular amino acid uptake. Phase I and II biotransf ormation reactions were inhibited by PCMBS and PCMB by direct binding to Cyt. P450 cysteinyl-residues and active sites of UDP-glucuronyltransferases. DSF probably reacts by diminishing the availability of the cofactor NADPH. Isolated ALDH (EC 1.2.1.3) was inhibited by all studied compounds. In cellular systems, DSF and the organomercurials inhibited ALDH, thereby reducing the cell's capacity of ethanol catabolism. All tested compounds showed, in low doses, the anabolic ability of insulin mimicking, as demonstrated in a balanced endocrine in vitro testsystem. Morphology. Exposure to NEM, DTP, CPDS, DSF did not result in any morphological alterations in the cell cultures. However, an exposure to PCMBS and PCMB, resulted in extensive bleb-formation, as a result of SHgroup blocking at the cell's outer membrane. It can be concluded, that cultured hepatocytes from human or rat origin, resist an exposure to alkylating and disulphide SH-reagents up to relatively high dose (1.0 mM). However, organic mercury compounds triggered an extensive bleb formation, as a result of SH-blocking, thereby disturbing the osmotic balance by blocking Na+/K+ carriers. Of all tested reagents, organic mercury compounds arose as the most toxic reagents.
- 著者
- Miau J. J. Chen C. H. Tsao J. C. Liu J. H.
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本機械学会
- 雑誌
- Jets, wakes and separated flows : proceedings of International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows, ICJWSF
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2005, pp.797-801, 2005-10-05
This paper reports on the results of using thermal-sensitive liquid crystal to study the unsteady, three-dimensional characteristics of flow reattachment on a rectangular block. The aspect ratio of the block, i. e., streamwise length versus height, was 2. A liquid crystal film sensitive to a temperature range of 40℃-50℃ was applied on the top surface of the block. The experiment was made with the block heated to 49.5℃, subjected to a uniform flow at room temperature in a low-speed wind tunnel. The liquid crystal images obtained by a CCD camera were expressed in terms of the hue level distributions for quantitative analysis. At Re=5.37×10^4, the video images show that the reattachment length x_R was varying between 1 to 1.5h, where h denotes the height of the block. Comparing the video images obtained at every 1/15 seconds, roughly 20 x_R/U_0, revealed the low-frequency unsteadiness of flow reattachment. Moreover, the finger-type image patterns noted immediately downstream of flow reattachment appeared unsteady in time and random in space. The spanwise extents of these structures were estimated to be 0.5-0.8h or 0.3-0.5x_R, which were suspected to be associated with the vortical structures developed in the separated shear layer.