- 著者
- Sanaz Bozorg John D. Bullough
- 出版者
- The Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan
- 雑誌
- Journal of Science and Technology in Lighting (ISSN:24323225)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.IEIJ200000644, (Released:2021-10-15)
- 参考文献数
- 63
- 被引用文献数
- 3
Road lighting is best known to have the potential to improve night-time safety. The vast majority of research studies have shown that the installation of road lighting has favourable effects on the number and severity of road collisions. In addition, some evidence suggests that current road lighting practices are over-lighting the roadway. Therefore, the rapidly growing concerns about energy consumption and its related costs will force further changes in road lighting technology and practice. To date, there have been no studies that investigated the association between current knowledge and the road lighting guidelines. This article reviews and discusses CIE road lighting guidelines for motorised traffic. It then provides current knowledge in the area of lighting motorised roads leading to possibilities for intelligent lighting control. Finally, suggestions for considering dimming of road lighting based on recent developments in science and technology are provided. The three recommended approaches, static road lighting, semi-dynamic lighting levels, and dynamic lighting levels, could save energy without compromising traffic safety.
2 0 0 0 OA Visual Task Performance and Perceptions of Lighting Quality Under Flickering Illumination
- 著者
- John D. Bullough Nicholas P. Skinner Kathryn SWEATER Hickcox
- 出版者
- (一社)照明学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of Light & Visual Environment (ISSN:03878805)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.37, no.4, pp.189-193, 2013-03-31 (Released:2014-04-18)
- 参考文献数
- 12
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Even when not directly visible, flicker from light sources at frequencies exceeding 100 Hz can influence perception through stroboscopic effects. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the impacts of flicker varying in frequency and modulation depth on visual performance, comfort and preference. In one experiment, subjects performed a numerical verification task under flickering illumination from 100 to 1000 Hz and from 25% to 100% flicker. Error rates were lower under higher frequency and lower flicker modulation and visual comfort was slightly higher. In the second experiment, subjects preferred higher frequency and lower modulation than 100 Hz, 100% flicker. In the third experiment, subjects equated perceived quality from illumination with higher frequency or lower modulation flicker when the illuminance was reduced by about half, relative to 100 Hz, 100% flicker. The results were consistent with a recently published model of the perception of stroboscopic effects.
1 0 0 0 OA Temporal Aspects of Lighting:
- 著者
- John D. BULLOUGH Ramesh RAGHAVAN Richard M. PYSAR Yukio AKASHI
- 出版者
- The Illuminating Engineering Institute of Japan
- 雑誌
- Journal of Light & Visual Environment (ISSN:03878805)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.31, no.1, pp.19-24, 2007 (Released:2007-06-08)
- 参考文献数
- 18
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Temporal characteristics of fluorescent lighting systems during starting might affect their acceptance in commercial and residential lighting. The immediate, full onset of light is usually experienced when switching on incandescent lamp systems. For certain systems using fluorescent lamps, delayed onset or initially low light levels might be experienced. Such characteristics could make them unwelcome additions to commercial and residential settings. The results of a study to investigate subjective and behavioral responses to lighting systems having different temporal characteristics upon start-up are presented.