- 著者
- Kawamura Seiichi
- 出版者
- Inperial University of Tokyo
- 雑誌
- Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, pp.1-29, 1915-12-30
The chief result of my observations on Pleurotus japonicus may be summarized as follows: 1. The fungus belongs to the genus Pleurotus, being characterized by the position of stem at one side of pileus, by the decurrent gills, by the spores presenting white color when caught in a mass, & c. It somewhat resembles Pleurotus rapidus Kalchbr. and Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq., but apparently represents a new and distinct species. 2. The fungus usually grows in clusters, overlapping one another, on the decaying trunk of the beech (Fagus sylvatica L. var. Sieboldi Maxim.), which is the only host as yet known. It is found in the Autumn. 3. The light is emitted by the gills only; all other parts of the fungus, including spores, are not luminous. The gills are uniformly luminous all over. Both hymenium and trama of gills are luminous. The juice squeezed out from the luminous gills are non-luminous. 4. The minimum and maximum temperatures in which the present fungus emits light are 3-5℃. and 40℃. respectively. The optimum temperature may be put down at 10-15℃. 5. In nitrogen gas, the luminosity begins to fade after ten seconds, becomes very feeble after fifty seconds, is scarcely recognizable after one minute and twenty seconds, and finally becomes completely invisible after one minute and forty seconds. In hydrogen gas, it begins to fade after ten seconds and becomes invisible in thirty minutes. In ether vapor, the light becomes invisible after one minute and fifty seconds, and if immediately after that, the object be taken out into the air, the luminosity returns after thirty seconds. In chloroform vapor, it vanishes in fifty-five seconds. Exposure to oxygen gas causes no change in the luminosity. Gills with faded luminosity become temporarily highly luminous some minutes after being in gaseous either or chloroform. 6. The fungus with luminous area of about 100 sq. cm. gives sufficient light for seeing Roman alphabets of about 8 mm. diameter in the dark. The luminosity can be fully perceived at a distance of thirty metres or more. 7. The light is white in color, not greenish, bluish or yellowish as in almost all other cases of luminous fungi. Photographic images of the luminous surface of the fungus taken in the dark room, by exposure of seven and half hours and also of twenty-four hours, were all very faint. Good dark prints on white background were secured of the leaves placed between the luminous fungus surface and a photographic dry-plate, by an exposure of one hour and fifty minutes.
- 著者
- Kawamura Seiichi
- 出版者
- Inperial University of Tokyo
- 雑誌
- Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, pp.1-29, 1915-12-30
The chief result of my observations on Pleurotus japonicus may be summarized as follows: 1. The fungus belongs to the genus Pleurotus, being characterized by the position of stem at one side of pileus, by the decurrent gills, by the spores presenting white color when caught in a mass, & c. It somewhat resembles Pleurotus rapidus Kalchbr. and Pleurotus ostreatus Jacq., but apparently represents a new and distinct species. 2. The fungus usually grows in clusters, overlapping one another, on the decaying trunk of the beech (Fagus sylvatica L. var. Sieboldi Maxim.), which is the only host as yet known. It is found in the Autumn. 3. The light is emitted by the gills only; all other parts of the fungus, including spores, are not luminous. The gills are uniformly luminous all over. Both hymenium and trama of gills are luminous. The juice squeezed out from the luminous gills are non-luminous. 4. The minimum and maximum temperatures in which the present fungus emits light are 3-5℃. and 40℃. respectively. The optimum temperature may be put down at 10-15℃. 5. In nitrogen gas, the luminosity begins to fade after ten seconds, becomes very feeble after fifty seconds, is scarcely recognizable after one minute and twenty seconds, and finally becomes completely invisible after one minute and forty seconds. In hydrogen gas, it begins to fade after ten seconds and becomes invisible in thirty minutes. In ether vapor, the light becomes invisible after one minute and fifty seconds, and if immediately after that, the object be taken out into the air, the luminosity returns after thirty seconds. In chloroform vapor, it vanishes in fifty-five seconds. Exposure to oxygen gas causes no change in the luminosity. Gills with faded luminosity become temporarily highly luminous some minutes after being in gaseous either or chloroform. 6. The fungus with luminous area of about 100 sq. cm. gives sufficient light for seeing Roman alphabets of about 8 mm. diameter in the dark. The luminosity can be fully perceived at a distance of thirty metres or more. 7. The light is white in color, not greenish, bluish or yellowish as in almost all other cases of luminous fungi. Photographic images of the luminous surface of the fungus taken in the dark room, by exposure of seven and half hours and also of twenty-four hours, were all very faint. Good dark prints on white background were secured of the leaves placed between the luminous fungus surface and a photographic dry-plate, by an exposure of one hour and fifty minutes.