著者

Kyohei Kuroda Kengo Kubota Shuka Kagemasa Ryosuke Nakai Yuga Hirakata Kyosuke Yamamoto Masaru K. Nobu Takashi Narihiro

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.ME22063, 2022 (Released:2022-11-12)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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To identify novel cross-domain symbiosis between Candidatus Patescibacteria and Archaea, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on enrichment cultures derived from methanogenic bioreactor sludge with the newly designed 32-520-1066 probe targeting the family-level uncultured clade 32-520/UBA5633 lineage in the class Ca. Paceibacteria. All FISH-detectable 32-520/UBA5633 cells were attached to Methanospirillum, indicating high host specificity. Transmission electron microscopy observations revealed 32-520/UBA5633-like cells that were specifically adherent to the plug structure of Methanospirillum-like rod-shaped cells. The metagenome-assembled genomes of 32-520/UBA5633 encoded unique gene clusters comprising pilin signal peptides and type IV pilins. These results provide novel insights into unseen symbiosis between Ca. Patescibacteria and Archaea.

著者

Yuga Hirakata Mamoru Oshiki Kyohei Kuroda Masashi Hatamoto Kengo Kubota Takashi Yamaguchi Hideki Harada Nobuo Araki

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ME16067, (Released:2016-07-12)

被引用文献数

22

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Predation by protists is top-down pressure that regulates prokaryotic abundance, community function, structure, and diversity in natural and artificial ecosystems. Although the effects of predation by protists have been studied in aerobic ecosystems, they are poorly understood in anoxic environments. We herein studied the influence of predation by Metopus and Caenomorpha ciliates—ciliates frequently found in anoxic ecosystems—on prokaryotic community function, structure, and diversity. Metopus and Caenomorpha ciliates were cocultivated with prokaryotic assemblages (i.e., anaerobic granular sludge) in an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for 171 d. Predation by these ciliates increased the methanogenic activities of granular sludge, which constituted 155% of those found in a UASB reactor without the ciliates (i.e., control reactor). Sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons using Illumina MiSeq revealed that the prokaryotic community in the UASB reactor with the ciliates was more diverse than that in the control reactor; 2,885–3,190 and 2,387–2,426 operational taxonomic units (>97% sequence similarities), respectively. The effects of predation by protists in anaerobic engineered systems have mostly been overlooked, and our results show that the influence of predation by protists needs to be examined and considered in the future for a better understanding of prokaryotic community structure and function.

著者

Shuka Kagemasa Kyohei Kuroda Ryosuke Nakai Yu-You Li Kengo Kubota

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / Japanese Society of Plant Microbe Interactions / Japanese Society for Extremophiles

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.ME22027, 2022 (Released:2022-06-08)

参考文献数

67

被引用文献数

3

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Uncultivated members of Candidatus Patescibacteria are commonly found in activated sludge treating sewage and are widely distributed in wastewater treatment plants in different regions and countries. However, the phylogenetic diversity of Ca. Patescibacteria is difficult to examine because of their low relative abundance in the environment. Since Ca. Patescibacteria members have small cell sizes, we herein collected small microorganisms from activated sludge using a filtration-based size-fractionation approach (i.e., 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm and 0.22–0.1‍ ‍μm fractions). Fractionated samples were characterized using 16S rRNA gene amplicon and shotgun metagenomic sequence ana­lyses. The amplicon ana­lysis revealed that the relative abundance of Ca. Patescibacteria increased to 73.5% and 52.5% in the 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm and 0.22–0.1‍ ‍μm fraction samples, respectively, from 5.8% in the unfractionated sample. The members recovered from the two size-fractionated samples included Ca. Saccharimonadia, Ca. Gracilibacteria, Ca. Paceibacteria, Ca. Microgenomatia, class-level uncultured lineage ABY1, Ca. Berkelbacteria, WS6 (Ca. Dojkabacteria), and WWE3, with Ca. Saccharimonadia being predominant in both fraction samples. The number of operational taxonomic units belonging to Ca. Patescibacteria was approximately 6-fold higher in the size-fractionated samples than in the unfractionated sample. The shotgun metagenomic ana­lysis of the 0.45–0.22‍ ‍μm fractioned sample enabled the reconstruction of 24 high-quality patescibacterial bins. The bins obtained were classified into diverse clades at the family and genus levels, some of which were rarely detected in previous activated sludge studies. Collectively, the present results suggest that the overall diversity of Ca. Patescibacteria inhabiting activated sludge is higher than previously expected.

著者

Yuga Hirakata Mamoru Oshiki Kyohei Kuroda Masashi Hatamoto Kengo Kubota Takashi Yamaguchi Hideki Harada Nobuo Araki

出版者

Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology · The Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.335-338, 2015 (Released:2015-12-22)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

11 23

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the prokaryotic community structure of the anaerobic ciliate, Metopus sp. using rRNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Metopus sp. was physically separated from anaerobic granular sludge in a domestic wastewater treatment plant and anoxically cultivated for 7 d. 16S rRNA gene sequences from the prokaryotes Methanoregula boonei and Clostridium aminobutyricum were abundantly detected in Metopus ciliates. The FISH analysis using the oligonucleotide probes Mg1200b and Cla568 demonstrated that these prokaryotes were localized within Metopus cells. These results identify M. boonei- and C. aminobutyricum-like prokaryotes as novel endosymbionts of Metopus ciliates.