著者

Mikio Nakajima Yohei Okada Tomohiro Sonoo Tadahiro Goto

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220147, (Released:2022-07-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

14

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Background: The Japan Coma Scale (JCS) is the most frequently adopted method for evaluating level of consciousness in Japan. However, no validated method for converting the JCS to Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) exists. The aims of the present study were to develop and validate a method to convert the JCS to GCS.Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study involving three emergency departments (EDs) in Japan. We included all adult patients who visited the ED between 2017 and 2020. The participating facilities were divided into two cohorts—one cohort to develop a table to convert the JCS to GCS (development cohort), and the other cohort to validate the conversion table (validation cohort). The conversion table of the JCS to GCS was developed based on the median values of the GCS. The outcome was the concordance rate between the JCS and GCS.Results: We identified 8,194 eligible patients. The development cohort included 7,373 patients and the validation cohort included 821 patients. In the validation cohort, the absolute and relative concordance rates were 80.3% (95% confidence interval, 77.4–82.9%) and 93.2% (95% confidence interval, 91.2–94.8%), respectively.Conclusions: This study developed and validated a novel method for converting the JCS to GCS. Assuming the offset by a single category between the JCS and GCS is acceptable, the concordance rate was over 90% in the general adult patient population visiting the ED. The conversion method may assist researchers to convert JCS into GCS, which is more commonly recognized among global audiences.

著者

Mikio Nakajima Yohei Okada Tomohiro Sonoo Tadahiro Goto

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.531-535, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

14

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Background: The Japan Coma Scale (JCS) is the most frequently adopted method for evaluating level of consciousness in Japan. However, no validated method for converting the JCS to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) exists. The aims of the present study were to develop and validate a method to convert the JCS to GCS.Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective analysis involving three emergency departments (EDs) in Japan. We included all adult patients who visited the ED between 2017 and 2020. The participating facilities were divided into two cohorts—one cohort to develop a table to convert the JCS to GCS (development cohort), and the other cohort to validate the conversion table (validation cohort). The conversion table of the JCS to GCS was developed based on the median values of the GCS. The outcome was the concordance rate between the JCS and GCS.Results: We identified 8,194 eligible patients. The development cohort included 7,373 patients and the validation cohort included 821 patients. In the validation cohort, the absolute and relative concordance rates were 80.3% (95% confidence interval, 77.4–82.9%) and 93.2% (95% confidence interval, 91.2–94.8%), respectively.Conclusion: This study developed and validated a novel method for converting the JCS to GCS. Assuming the offset by a single category between the JCS and GCS is acceptable, the concordance rate was over 90% in the general adult patient population visiting the ED. The conversion method may assist researchers to convert JCS scores into GCS scores, which are more commonly recognized among global audiences.

著者

Mikio Nakajima Yohei Okada Tomohiro Sonoo Tadahiro Goto

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.544, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

4

著者

Atsushi Watanabe Shigeki Yoneyama Mikio Nakajima Norihiro Sato Ryoko Takao-Kawabata Yukihiro Isogai Aki Sakurai-Tanikawa Kazuhiro Higuchi Akihito Shimoi Hideyuki Yamatoya Kenji Yoshida Terutomo Kohira

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.617-629, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

57 69

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Teriparatide, a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, has been reported to increase the incidences of bone neoplasms such as osteosarcoma when administered subcutaneously to Fischer 344 (F344) rats for a long term, but its non-carcinogenic dose level following 2-year daily administration has not been established. Here we report detailed studies on the carcinogenicity of teriparatide following long-term administration. When teriparatide was administered subcutaneously to male and female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats daily for 2 years, the incidence of osteosarcoma was increased at 13.6 μg/kg/day. The non-carcinogenic dose level was 4.5 μg/kg/day for both males and females. The development of osteosarcoma in SD rats depends on the dose level of, and treatment duration with, teriparatide. Responses of the bones to teriparatide were similar between F344 and SD rats in many aspects. These results suggested that the carcinogenic potential of teriparatide in SD rats is essentially the same as in F344 rats.

著者

Takeshi Kawashita Mikio Nakajima Richard H. Kaszynski Masamitsu Shirokawa Tomotsugu Nakano Koji Ochiai Yoshitaka Inoue Hideaki Goto

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1041-18, (Released:2018-09-12)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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A 28-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted for shock and coma due to diabetic ketoacidosis. Despite aggressive treatment and management of the patient's underlying clinical issues, the patient remained in a comatose state. Further investigations revealed an excess consumption of psychotropic agents; however, there was no evidence of an insulin overdose. Physicians should be aware that, in patients who are highly dependent upon insulin, an overdose of psychotropic agents can lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.