- 著者
- Nobuyuki Horita Satoru Hashimoto Naoki Miyazawa Hiroyuki Fujita Ryota Kojima Miyo Inoue Atsuhisa Ueda Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo Takeshi Kaneko
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本内科学会
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, no.12, pp.1473-1479, 2015 (Released:2015-06-15)
- 参考文献数
- 39
- 被引用文献数
- 8 28
Objective The impact of corticosteroids on acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mortality remains controversial following the publication of numerous trials, observational studies and meta-analyses. An updated meta-analysis is warranted, as a few original studies on this topic have been published since the last meta-analysis. Methods We searched for eligible articles using four databases. In particular, we included full-length original articles providing sufficient data for evaluating the impact of corticosteroid treatment on adult ARDS mortality in the form of odds ratios. A fixed model with the confidence interval method was used. An assessment of publication bias and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Results We included 11 of 185 articles. The pooled odds ratio for corticosteroids with respect to all-cause mortality involving 949 patients was 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58-1.03, p=0.079] with strong heterogeneity (I2=70%, p<0.001). The results of the sensitivity analysis, Begg-Kendall test (τ=0.53, p=0.024) and funnel plot consistently suggested the existence of strong publication bias. After six potentially unpublished cohorts were filled using Duval's trim and fill method, the pooled odds ratio shifted to 1.11 (95% CI 0.86-1.44, p=0.427). In addition, the sensitivity analyses suggested that corticosteroid treatment has a different impact on mortality depending on the comorbidities and trigger events. Conclusion We were unable to confirm, based on the data of published studies, the favorable impact of corticosteroid therapy on mortality in overall ARDS cases. Published articles exhibit strong publication bias, and previous meta-analyses may be affected by this publication bias. Further research focusing on pathophysiology- or trigger event-specific ARDS is anticipated.
- 著者
- Nobuyuki Horita Naoki Miyazawa Takashi Yoshiyama Ryota Kojima Yoshiaki Ishigatsubo Takeshi Kaneko
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人 日本内科学会
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, no.18, pp.2315-2320, 2015 (Released:2015-09-15)
- 参考文献数
- 20
- 被引用文献数
- 5
Objective In the 1950s, a high-dose (40-70 mg/kg/day) of pyrazinamide (PZA), was reported to cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI) at an unacceptable frequency. It remains unclear whether adding PZA (Z) at the currently accepted low-dose (20-25 mg/kg/day) for two months to a regimen of isoniazid (H) + rifampicin (R) + ethambutol (E) actually increases the risk of DILI. Method Smear-positive tuberculosis patients were treated with daily HRE or HRZE regimen under direct observation. We used three independent models. Model 1 was analyzed with a multivariate Cox-analysis using a pre-matched cohort. Next, propensity score matching was conducted using the nearest neighbor method with caliper of 0.03. Models 2 and 3 were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox-analyses, respectively, with the matched cohort. DILI was assessed based on the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society. Results We reviewed the records of 383 patents (male, n=260; female n=123; mean age, 64±20 years). Among these patients, 75 patients were treated with HRE and 308 were treated with HRZE. DILI occurred in the first two months in 24% (18/75) and 8% (24/308) of the HRE-treated and HRZE-treated cases, respectively. In all three of the models, DILI was less frequent in patients treated with the HRZE regimen: Model 1, HR of 0.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14-0.68, p=0.004); Model 2, HR of 0.37 (95%CI 0.14-0.96, p=0.041); and Model 3, HR of 0.34 (95%CI 0.12-0.94, p=0.038). Conclusion The addition of the currently accepted low dose (20-25 mg/kg/day) of PZA to the HRE regimen did not increase the incidence of DILI during the first two months of treatment.