著者

浜田 盛久

出版者

東京大学地震研究所

雑誌

東京大學地震研究所彙報 = Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo (ISSN:00408972)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.3, pp.41-54, 2016

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Izu-Oshima is an active volcano located on the volcanic front of the Izu arc. It erupts island arc low-K tholeiite magma. During the past 150 years it has erupted repeatedly at intervals of 30-40 years. Thirty years have already passed since its last eruption (1986-1987) ; therefore, the next eruption is expected in the near future. The hypothesis that the next eruption of Izu-Oshima volcano is triggered by an aftereffect of the M9Tohoku-Oki earthquake, which took place on March 11th, 2011, is considered. In both the 9th century and the period between the 17th century and the 20th century, volcanism of Izu-Oshima volcano seems to have been activated in association with earthquakes occurring near the volcano. While some eruptions occurred after earthquakes, others occurred before earthquakes. It is possible that regional tectonic stress can trigger both major earthquakes and intense volcanic activity, although this hypothesis should be tested at Izu-Oshima volcano and/or elsewhere. Petrological studies of Izu-Oshima volcano are also reviewed to understand its magma plumbing system, providing useful information to prepare for its next eruption. It is proposed that polybaric crystallization differentiation of H2O-saturated magmas proceeds in both the magma chamber at 4 km depth (~3 wt.% H2O in melt) and the magma chamber at 9km depth (~5 wt.% H2O in melt). The H2O-rich nature of the basaltic magmas beneath the volcano suggests that a future eruption of Izu-Oshima volcano could be highly explosive if dissolved volatiles in melt are not sufficiently degassed from magma ascending through the conduit