- 著者
- 村橋 勲
- 出版者
- African Studies Center - Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
- 雑誌
- ASC-TUFS Working Papers (ISSN:24361542)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1, pp.253-272, 2021 (Released:2022-01-22)
For decades, Uganda has been a favourable destination for refugees. Between the late 1980s and the 1990s, violent conflicts in northern Uganda and southern Sudan caused complex patterns of human movement, including internal and cross-border migration. In addition, a mass influx of refugees from South Sudan occurred in late 2013. Uganda hosts the largest number of refugees in Africa, taking a progressive refugee management approach aimed at self-reliance and the peaceful coexistence of refugees and the host population. This paper reveals how South Sudanese refugees and the host population, most of whom consist of people who were displaced during the regional armed conflict, navigate life in new social and economic conditions in and around a refugee settlement in mid-western Uganda. Refugees have long been looked upon as a burden to host countries. Recent studies on the refugee economy, however, reveal that refugees can contribute to the Ugandan economy. I analyse how a refugee-hosting area saw economic development and urbanisation in a relatively short period. On the other hand, local people, whether refugees or Ugandan nationals, have been struggling to cope with the depletion of resources, including food, land, and firewood. Finally, I discuss the social and economic impact of conflict-induced migration in refugee-hosting areas.
- 著者
- Priscillah Nsama
- 出版者
- African Studies Center - Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
- 雑誌
- ASC-TUFS Working Papers (ISSN:24361542)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.3, pp.73-92, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-03-31)
The study examines the implications of customary land tenure conversions for the power of traditional leaders, who have had the power to allocate land and upholding customary law among occupants of such land. It is argued that conversion of customary land to leasehold tenure system negatively affects the power of traditional leaders. Using the conceptual framework premised on Gluckman’s theory of power, one variable factor ‘size of land’ was used to formulate an interview guide. In-depth interviews were conducted with key informants. For validity and reliability, various stakeholders with different specialisation on this topic were incorporated to deepen/widen the scope of producing this knowledge. The results revealed that customary land that was being converted to leasehold tenure system was reducing the size of the customary land for the Chiefdom. Additionally, the change from customary land tenure system denies traditional leaders the rights to allocate land to local people. Second, local people are forced to change their livelihood from agricultural based to informal jobs. Finally, it stops local people living in clans for their unity and easy formulation of customary law in a collective voice.
- 著者
- David Ushindi Chishugi Denis Jean Sonwa Josue Bahati Chishugi Joseph Matunguru Felix Losembe Destin Itunda Buke Kim Vercruysse
- 出版者
- African Studies Center - Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
- 雑誌
- ASC-TUFS Working Papers (ISSN:24361542)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.3, pp.107-119, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-03-31)
In Tshopo, a forested province in the north-eastern part of the DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo), the regulation of water availability and quality is crucial for sustaining livelihoods and protecting communities from natural hazards. These ecosystem services are crucial for reducing water vulnerability and providing sufficient water for domestic use in places where the government’s capacity to manage water resources is insufficient. However, the forests of Tshopo are threatened by climate change and various anthropogenic activities. Its rural landscape is dominated by forests that are undergoing several transformations, exposing water bodies to contamination. Hence, water is one of the key resources vulnerable to climate change in the Tshopo Province. As few studies have focused on the understanding of water availability at the sub-national level in the DRC, in this work, we aim to review the current water situation and its relation to climate change and forest degradation in the Tshopo province. Our analysis shows the necessity to develop well-defined strategic plans that consider contextual specificities and to find a trade-off between forest and water management strategies to respond to water-vulnerability risks in the region.
- 著者
- 松波 康男
- 出版者
- African Studies Center - Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
- 雑誌
- ASC-TUFS Working Papers (ISSN:24361542)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.2, pp.261-274, 2022-03-15 (Released:2022-04-08)
Christians are in the majority in the religious composition of Ethiopia, but the number of Muslims has been increasing in recent years. Historically, Christianity (Ethiopian Orthodox) has been the major religion of the highlanders in the north, the political centre of the country. Islam has expanded mainly among the Oromo, living in the lowlands. However, while this dichotomy illustrates the contrasting situation from a broad perspective, religious practices, which are an integral part of people’s lives, are not clearly divided into Islam and Christianity. For instance, many Christians participate in the hadra meeting, originally derived from Islam, which is prevalent in the Oromo communities of the East Showa region. They chant the name of Allah and praise Muslim saints during the ritual. This study focuses on the religious complexity of the ritual and how it relates to ethnicity and local history.