- 著者
- Raisa Makipaa Tapio Linkosalo Sami Niinimaki Alexander Komarov Sergey Bykhovets Olli Tahvonen Annikki Makela
- 出版者
- Japan Society of Forest Planning
- 雑誌
- Journal of Forest Planning (ISSN:1341562X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.16, no.Special_Issue, pp.107-120, 2011 (Released:2017-09-01)
- 参考文献数
- 57
- 被引用文献数
- 6 7
Mitigation of climate change by forest carbon sequestration is one of the ecosystem services that will be taken into account in future forest planning. The potential capacity of forests to sequester carbon is determined by edaphic and climatic factors, but the actual carbon accumulation is highly controlled by management. The effects of the management practices on stand development are successfully analyzed with traditional stand simulators that rely on empirical data. One of the current challenges is to understand how ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration and timber production, can be managed in the changing climate, i.e. under conditions of which there are no observations. The objective of this study was to investigate the responses of forest soil and vegetation to a climate change under different management scenarios ranging from intensive thinning to unmanaged stands. The responses of tree growth and forest carbon sequestration to changes in temperature and precipitation (+3℃ and +10%, respectively) under different management scenarios were investigated with a process-based forest model (PipeQual) which was combined to a soil decomposition model (ROMUL) and a soil water balance model. According to our simulations, the growth response of Norway spruce to increased temperature was positive. Carbon stocks of both vegetation and soil were increased with the changing climate in all the simulated management scenarios. In the changing climate decomposition of soil organic matter was accelerated, however, increased litter input resulting from enhanced growth of vegetation compensated this decrease. Intensively harvested stands had a decreased carbon stock in the vegetation, which resulted in low litter production and decline in soil carbon stock after thinnings. The simulations with the process-based forest growth and soil model can guide management by determining a sustainable level of biomass harvest.
- 著者
- Mizoue Nobuya
- 出版者
- 森林計画学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of forest planning (ISSN:1341562X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.8, no.1, pp.17-24, 2002-04
A semi-automatic image analysis system, CROCO, was developed for assessing tree crown condition objectively and at low cost in forest health monitoring. The system is composed of a Macintosh computer, a digital camera, the commercially available software Adobe Photoshop and the public domain software NIH Image. Most of the procedures are automated by the batch processing tool of Adobe Photoshop and a set of macro programs of NIH Image, which enable us to analyze large numbers of images rapidly and at low cost. After pre-processing, the macros automatically generate a silhouette from the color image based on the between-class variance method and calculate the index DSO as a measure of crown transparency based on two fractal dimensions. The precision of the system was examined in terms of weather conditions, camera angle (CA) and overlap rate of the target crown with other trees (OR). The results suggested that CROCO can provide a consistent measure of DSO irrespective of either cloudy or sunny conditions, if photographing conditions satisfy the criteria of CA less than about 45 degrees and OR less than about 50% of crown width. CROCO may be used as a control assessment to detect and correct observer bias.
- 著者
- Nakazawa Akihiro Mitani Takuji Saito Ryo Kakuta Satomi Awaya Yoshio Iehara Toshiro Hori Shuji
- 出版者
- 森林計画学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of Forest Planning (ISSN:1341562X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, no.1, pp.125-136, 2007
- 参考文献数
- 22
- 被引用文献数
- 2 2
Article 3.3 of the Kyoto protocol obligates nations to report reduced amount of carbon dioxide (CO_2) emission, and allows including CO_2 absorption by Afforestation (A), Reforestation (R), and Deforestation (D) activities to the amount of carbon accounting. So it is necessary to clarify ARD location after the end of 1989. The primary objective of this study is developing a forest area mapping method using satellite images. We applied two classification methods, Decision Tree Classification (DTC) and Spectral Shape Classification (SSC) to classify forest area using a Landsat Thematic Mapper image over a test site in Higashi-Shirakawa village in Gifu Prefecture. An automatic binarization of digital number of a band (band 3 or band 7) and the normalized difference vegetation index was applied in DTC. The accuracy was evaluated using a ground truth map which was produced using aerial orthophotos by a visual interpretation, and DTC gave a slightly more accurate result than that of SSC. The binalization using band 3 showed better classification between forest and non-forest area than that using band 7. Moreover, DTC was better than SSC in classifying forest and non-forest area using two Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus images in a validation of classification stability. Therefore, we concluded that DTC gave more stable results than SSC.