- 著者
- Fumio SAWA Manwal HUSSAIN Atsushi NAKAHIRA Shigehiro NISHIJIMA Koichi NIIHARA Toichi OKADA
- 出版者
- CRYOGENICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY SOCIETY OF JAPAN
- 雑誌
- TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) (ISSN:03892441)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.9, pp.415-419, 1995-09-25 (Released:2010-02-26)
- 参考文献数
- 9
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Hybrid materials involving epoxies with different numbers of reactive groups have been prepared to determine the molecular design of epoxies with high fracture toughness at cryogenic temperatures. To answer the opponent demands, that is, strong and flexible chains, hybrid materials were proposed. Two types of epoxy resin with different numbers of epoxy groups were mixed and cured by changing the mixing ratio. Fracture toughness, flexural strength, dielectric loss tangent, and thermal contraction of the hybrid epoxy resins were measured down to cryogenic temperatures. A hybrid material with high fracture toughness, even at liquid helium temperature, was successfully developed and hence the molecular design orientation was confirmed to be possible.
- 著者
- Izumi FUSEGAWA Tomohiko OHTA Shigeru NAGASAWA
- 出版者
- CRYOGENICS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY SOCIETY OF JAPAN
- 雑誌
- TEION KOGAKU (Journal of Cryogenics and Superconductivity Society of Japan) (ISSN:03892441)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, no.2, pp.54-59, 1998-02-25 (Released:2010-02-26)
- 参考文献数
- 23
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Most of the large-scale integrated circuits (LSIs), indispensable at present day, are made from Si wafers grown by Czochralski (CZ) method. The size of LSIs continues to grow with the integration of more devices. The diameter of Si crystal has also been increasing to enable the production of large-size LSIs with practical productivity and cost. Generally, a large-diameter crucible is used to produce large single-crystal silicon with practical productivity. However, it is becoming difficult to control the convection of large amounts of silicon melt in large crucibles using the conventional CZ method. Magnetic field-applied CZ (MCZ) is one solution to control the convection of Si melt. There are several kinds of MCZ categorized by magnetic-field direction: horizontal (HMCZ), vertical (VMCZ), Cusp MCZ; and several types of magnets categorized by the magnetic-field generation method (electroconductive and superconductive). In this paper, out-lines of CZ production for single-crystal silicon, MCZ equipment and MCZ production are reviewed.