著者

Yuko Wada Maki Kihara Mitsuru Nozawa Ken-ichi Shimokawa Fumiyoshi Ishii

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.229-233, 2015 (Released:2015-07-17)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

11

---

The physicochemical and pharmaceutical properties (pH, peel force, water-vapor permeability, and stretchability) of brand-name and generic ketoprofen products were evaluated and compared. The pHs of Mohrus as a brand-name product and Teikoku as a generic product were low (about 4). Among the other generic products, Patell and Nichi-Iko had a pH of about 4.3 while Frestol, Raynanon, BMD, and Touchron showed a pH of 4.6-5.2, which was in the pH range of normal healthy skin (4.5-6.5). The adhesive force was high (≥ 1.38) for Mohrus as a brand-name product as well as for Teikoku and Patell as generic products, but it was low (≤ 0.57) for the other 5 generic products. The water-vapor permeabilities of Mohrus as a brand-name product and Teikoku and Patell as generic products were low, being less than 1/6 of those for the other 5 generic products. Among the 5 generic products, BMD showed the highest water-vapor permeability (1,330 g/m2), and the other products also showed a value ≥ 1,100 g/m2. The elongatedness of Mohrus was the lowest (15.5 cm), and that of Raynanon was the highest (24.5 cm); the difference was 9 cm. In this study, the physiochemical and pharmaceutical properties of ketoprofen tapes were clarified, which will allow pharmacists to provide products according to the needs of each patient when a brand-name product is changed to a generic one.

著者

Hongyan Wu Atsuko Yamaguchi

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, pp.192-201, 2014-08-31 (Released:2014-09-12)

参考文献数

92

被引用文献数

11

---

The life sciences field is entering an era of big data with the breakthroughs of science and technology. More and more big data-related projects and activities are being performed in the world. Life sciences data generated by new technologies are continuing to grow in not only size but also variety and complexity, with great speed. To ensure that big data has a major influence in the life sciences, comprehensive data analysis across multiple data sources and even across disciplines is indispensable. The increasing volume of data and the heterogeneous, complex varieties of data are two principal issues mainly discussed in life science informatics. The ever-evolving next-generation Web, characterized as the Semantic Web, is an extension of the current Web, aiming to provide information for not only humans but also computers to semantically process large-scale data. The paper presents a survey of big data in life sciences, big data related projects and Semantic Web technologies. The paper introduces the main Semantic Web technologies and their current situation, and provides a detailed analysis of how Semantic Web technologies address the heterogeneous variety of life sciences big data. The paper helps to understand the role of Semantic Web technologies in the big data era and how they provide a promising solution for the big data in life sciences.

著者

Yingying Ding Huamei Yan Zhen Ning Xiaofeng Cai Yin Yang Rong Pan Yanqiu Zhou Huang Zheng Meiyang Gao Keming Rou Zunyou Wu Na He

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01035, (Released:2016-04-06)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

56

---

Little is known about the acceptance and actual uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and associated factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This study is the baseline survey of an intervention study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of tenofovirdisoproxil fumarate (TDF) on a daily use for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among MSM in Shanghai, China. From October 2012 to December 2013, a total of 1,033 MSM in Shanghai were recruited by local district Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and a MSM community-based non-governmental organization (NGO). Among them, 197 (19.1%) participants expressed willingness to use the TDF group at baseline survey, but only 26 (2.5%) participated in the TDF group and took TDF one tablet a day. Higher willingness to use PrEP was associated with being 45 years or older, non-local residents, having more male sex partners in the past 6 months and not using condom at last anal sex with man. Acutal uptake of PrEP was associated with having ≥ 11 male sex partners in lifetime and reporting no female sex partners in lifetime. Reasons for not participating in TDF group among those who expressed willingness to use PrEP at baseline survey included loss of contact, ineligiblity because of abnormal results for liver or renal function tests, change of mind, and HIV seroconversion before uptake of PrEP. Our findings suggest that promotion of PrEP in MSM remains challenging at current circumstancein China. Future research is needed to solicit effective education and intervention programs to promote acceptance of PrEP among Chinese MSM.

著者

Yang Sun Hongzhou Lu

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.189-191, 2014-06-30 (Released:2014-07-17)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

---

In more than 20 years of medical practice, a surprising phenomenon has often occurred: some patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) decide not to go to the hospital and they do not let others know that they are suffering from the disease unless they believe that they are dieing. Zhang Shan (a pseudonym) is one such patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS who was reluctant to receive antiviral therapy as soon as possible, and this paper shares Zhang's story as he related it. Clearly, there are numerous views as to why patients in China behave as Zhang did. Presented here are several reasons, including society, history, morality and ideology, family, and education. Although all of these reasons do play a role, the patient’s mindset and behavior is the most significant reason for a patient’s reluctance to seek treatment or disclose his/her status. If the individual patient’s mindset and behavior are not dealt with effectively, then HIV/AIDS can continue to spread and threaten additional lives and even the fabric of society. This paper analyzes the reasons why patients are hesitant to receive antiviral therapy, but this paper also suggests steps healthcare personnel can take to encourage patients to seek treatment. Such steps can save the lives of current patients with HIV/AIDS. In addition, sound public health measures and a rational approach to treatment are important to helping potential patients with HIV/AIDS.

著者

Maki K. Yamada

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.79-81, 2016 (Released:2016-05-23)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

8

---

Whole brain radiation therapy for the treatment of tumors can sometimes cause cognitive impairment. Memory deficits were noted in up to 50% of treated patients over a short period of several months. In addition, an increased rate of dementia in young patients has been noted over the longer term, i.e. years. A deficit in neurogenesis after irradiation has been postulated to be the main cause of cognitive decline in patients, but recent data on irradiation therapy for limited parts of the brain appear to indicate other possibilities. Irradiation can directly damage various types of cells other than neuronal stem cells. However, this paper will focus on injury to brain vasculature leading to cognitive decline since vessels represent a better therapeutic target for drug development than other cells in the brain because of the blood-brain barrier.

著者

Fatma Mujgan Sonmez Eyyup Uctepe Mehmet Gunduz Zeliha Gormez Seval Erpolat Murat Oznur Mahmut Samil Sagiroglu Huseyin Demirci Esra Gunduz

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Intractable & Rare Diseases Research (ISSN:21863644)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.222-226, 2016 (Released:2016-09-05)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

13

---

Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS) (MIM 135900) is characterized by developmental delay, severe speech impairment, distinctive facial features, hypertrichosis, aplasia or hypoplasia of the distal phalanx or nail of the fifth digit and agenesis of the corpus callosum. Recently, it was shown that mutations in the ARID1B gene are the main cause of CSS, accounting for 76% of identified mutations. Here, we report a 15 year-old female patient who was admitted to our clinic with seizures, speech problems, dysmorphic features, bilaterally big, large thumb, café-au-lait (CAL) spots, obesity and hyperinsulinism. First, the patient was thought to have an association of neurofibromatosis and Rubinstein Taybi syndrome. Because of the large size of the NF1 gene for neurofibromatosis and CREBBP gene for Rubinstein Taybi syndrome, whole exome sequence analysis (WES) was conducted and a novel ARID1B mutation was identified. The proband WES test identified a novel heterozygous frameshift mutation c.3394_3395insTA in exon 13 of ARID1B (NM_017519.2) predicting a premature stop codon p.(Tyr1132Leufs*67). Sanger sequencing confirmed the heterozygous c.3394_3395insTA mutation in the proband and that it was not present in her parents indicating de novo mutation. Further investigation and new cases will help to understand this phenomenon better.

著者

Yuko Wada Yukie Takaoka Mitsuru Nozawa Miho Goto Ken-ichi Shimokawa Fumiyoshi Ishii

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01053, (Released:2016-10-04)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

6

---

We measured the pH, water-vapor permeability, adhesive force, peeling-force, elongation rate, support flexibility, and peeling time of medicinal and over-the-counter (OTC) tape preparations containing felbinac. When measuring the pH of each preparation, Felnabion (pH 4.5) was weakly acidic, and EMEC and Tokuon (pH 7.0) were neutral. When measuring the water-vapor permeability of each preparation, that of a generic product, EMEC (380 g/m2/24h), was twice as high as that of a brand-name product, Seltouch (189 g/m2/24 h). The adhesive force was measured using the ball tack test. The adhesive forces of OTC drugs, Salomethyl, Homepass, and Tokuhon (1.04 g), were higher than that of Seltouch (0.06 g). Concerning peeling-force measurement, the peeling-forces of a generic product, Falzy (4.15 N), and an OTC drug, Omuneed (4.89 N), were higher than that of Seltouch (0.91 N). The elongation rates of a generic product, Sumilu (319%), and OTC drugs, Nabolin (298%) and Homepass (299%), were higher than that of Seltouch (251%), but that of Tokuhon (72%) was lower. The support flexibilities of EMEC (150 degrees) and Tokuhon (131 degrees) were higher than that of Seltouch (96 degrees). In addition, the peeling time of Seltouch was 120 min or more, whereas those of EMEC and Nabolin were 1.4 and 0.2 min, respectively. These results suggest that the differences in pharmaceutical properties, such as the pH, water-vapor permeability, adhesive force, peeling-force, elongation rate, support flexibility, and peeling time, among the preparations markedly influence patients' subjective comfortableness. The results of this study facilitated individuals’ comfortableness-matched drug selection.

著者

Shalong Wang Lianwen Yuan

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01078, (Released:2016-06-02)

参考文献数

92

被引用文献数

6

---

Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer. The treatment of GC remains challenging as the outcomes achieved with surgery alone or adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are relatively poor. New treatment strategies are emerging and are being tested in solid tumors including GC. Over the past few years, the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) has made great advances, but strategies to manage GC have improved little. Multiple drug resistance is common in GC chemotherapy and targeted therapy; some patients appear to receive treatment that is suboptimal or even inefficacious. Unfortunately, there are few validated predictive biomarkers to guide the tailored treatment of GC. ToGA and AVAGAST are two phase III trials that tested the efficacy and safety of targeted agents in advanced gastric cancer (AGC), and results clearly indicated that patients need to be selected and that targeted agents are the best hope for better results. This review aims to provide an overview of potential predictive biomarkers for cytotoxic and targeted agents in GC.

著者

Xuanjun Dong Jie Yang Lianqin Lou Liebo Zhu Xiayan Feng Linong Yao

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2017.01113, (Released:2017-06-18)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

---

This study reviewed and analyzed data on malaria cases in Yiwu from 2012 to 2016 via a webbased system for managing and reporting information on infectious diseases. A total of 161 cases were diagnosed (77.02% due to Plasmodium falciparum, 18.01% due to P. vivax, 4.35% due to P. ovale, and 0.62% due to P. malariae). One case was imported from Yunnan Province in China and the others were imported from overseas. The ratio of male to female patients was 7.47:1. The average age was 36.34 years (SD: 9.63). Most cases (87.58%) were imported from 1 of 30 countries in Africa. As malaria is gradually being eliminated in China, the main task at this stage has transitioned to the prevention and control of cases of imported malaria. Particular attention should be paid to malaria cases from Africa.

著者

Hiroko Tabunoki Hidemasa Bono Katsuhiko Ito Takeshi Yokoyama

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01011, (Released:2016-02-07)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

1 34

---

Bombyx mori (silkworm) is the most famous lepidopteran in Japan. B. mori has long been used in the silk industry and also as a model insect for agricultural research. In recent years, B. mori has attracted interest in its potential for use in pathological analysis of model animals. For example, the human macular carotenoid transporter was discovered using information of B. mori carotenoid transporter derived from yellow-cocoon strain. The B. mori carotenoid transport system is useful in human studies. To develop a human disease model, we characterized the human homologs of B. mori, and by constructing KAIKO functional annotation pipeline, and to analyze gene expression profile of a unique B. mori mutant strain using microarray analysis. As a result, we identified a novel molecular network involved in Parkinson's disease. Here we describe the potential use of a spontaneous mutant silkworm strain as a human disease model. We also summarize recent progress in the application of genomic information for annotation of human homologs in B. mori. The B. mori mutant will provide a clue to pathological mechanisms, and the findings will be helpful for the development of therapies and for medical drug discovery.

著者

Jianjun Gao Lin Yin

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.5, pp.229-231, 2014-10-31 (Released:2014-11-08)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5 14

---

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa this year is causing global panic. The high mortality of this disease is largely due to lack of effective preventive vaccines or therapeutic drugs. Realizing the gravity and urgency in controlling the epidemic, governments and drug companies across the world have taken many strong measures to speed up the process of drug development. Several representative candidate drugs that demonstrate potent anti-Ebola activity in preclinical studies have been pushed forward to higher research stages to obtain an earlier official license. It is expected that proven preventive or therapeutic regimens could be established in the near future.

著者

Hamidreza Namazi Amin Akrami Jamal Hussaini Osmar N. Silva Albert Wong Vladimir V. Kulish

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.6, pp.477-481, 2016 (Released:2017-01-16)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1 49

---

Human DNA is the main unit that shapes human characteristics and features such as behavior. Thus, it is expected that changes in DNA (DNA mutation) influence human characteristics and features. Face is one of the human features which is unique and also dependent on his gen. In this paper, for the first time we analyze the variations of human DNA and face simultaneously. We do this job by analyzing the fractal dimension of DNA walk and face during human aging. The results of this study show the human DNA and face get more complex by aging. These complexities are mapped on fractal exponents of DNA walk and human face. The method discussed in this paper can be further developed in order to investigate the direct influence of DNA mutation on the face variations during aging, and accordingly making a model between human face fractality and the complexity of DNA walk.

著者

Karlheinz Friedrich Helmut Dolznig Xiaonan Han Richard Moriggl

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01250, (Released:2017-02-02)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

24

---

STAT1/STAT3 transcription factors are important regulators for development of normal, infected or inflammed cells. They are also critically involved in the progression of various malignant tumours, including epithelial-derived carcinomas. Here, we focus on colorectal cancer (CRC) insights for STAT1/3, where controversial functions for STAT3 were reported. For a long time STAT3 has been regarded as a driver of tumour malignancy and its activation was associated with negative clinical outcome. In contrast, STAT1 was generally viewed as an independent tumour suppressor and positive prognostic marker. Here we discuss the experimental evidence for the tight association and regulation of oncogenic STAT3 transcription kept at bay by nuclear STAT1. We summarise current research and describe cellular models of different STAT1/STAT3 expression ratios. STAT1/3 expression levels are influenced by the mutational status of carcinoma cells associated with nuclear unphosphorylated STAT1. Animal tumour models and results from in vitro experiments allow for the conclusion that both proteins interact as antagonistic transcription factors in CRC cells. These STATs steer also important processes during infection and inflammation that influence development and progression of CRC. The STAT1/3 interplay is important to understand gene regulation and we describe it here similar like the YIN/YANG dualism. Thus, we propose to evaluate both STAT1 and STAT3 expression patterns in cancers in a dual manner instead of regarding them as independent transcription factors. This conceptual dualistic view could advance diagnostic predictions in the future.

著者

Yoshiko Wada Yuko Wada Satoko Ennyu Ken-ichi Shimokawa Fumiyoshi Ishii

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics (ISSN:18817831)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01075, (Released:2017-02-08)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

4

---

This study was conducted in order to establish a health management method for the elderly in a community through follow-ups of bone mineral density (BMD) measurement results over a 1-year period based on BMD measurements performed by pharmacists and a guidance program. Regarding BMD measurement results, the percent young adult mean (%YAM: mean BMD in healthy persons of the same sex aged between 51 and 82 years old) significantly increased in Period I, during which the intervention by pharmacists was performed (6 months after the start of measurements), but significantly decreased in Period II, during which this intervention was not performed (between 7 and 12 months after the start of measurements). Based on these results, lifestyle improvements were effective in Period I regardless of sex or age; however, it may be important to maintain an improved diet and subject motivation in the future. The results of this study suggest that community pharmacists play an important role in community medicine through positive intervention for local residents' health support.

著者

Xiaowei Jin Li Chen

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

Intractable & Rare Diseases Research (ISSN:21863644)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.4, pp.308-313, 2016 (Released:2016-11-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5

---

Of over 7,000 known rare diseases, only 5% currently have an available treatment option worldwide. Moreover, the vast majority of rare disease patients in China have no access to treatment due to limited availability and the lack of appropriate infrastructure in China's healthcare system. Despite increased interest in orphan drug development, drug companies in China with active programs on drugs to treat rare diseases are still limited. Hence, there is a huge unmet need in China, with over 10 million patients suffering from rare diseases. Nonetheless, this has created unprecedented opportunities for the Chinese drug development market. Life science innovation in China has recently received a healthy boost from the 13th National Five-Year Plan and from on-going reform of the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA). Rare diseases are now recognized as a national priority with increasing governmental support, creating tremendous opportunities for both domestic and multinational drug companies. China is anticipated to play an increasingly important role in the global fight against rare diseases. To ensure future success, Chinese drug companies should leverage the valuable knowledge assembled over the past three decades by Western countries in the area of orphan drug development.

著者

Appadurai Daniel Reegan Stanislaus Antony Ceasar Michael Gabriel Paulraj Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01180, (Released:2016-12-18)

参考文献数

74

被引用文献数

25

---

Mosquitoes pose a major threat to human health as they spread many deadly diseases like malaria, dengue, chikungunya, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis and Zika. Identification and use of novel molecular tools are essential to combat the spread of vector borne diseases. Genome editing tools have been used for the precise alterations of the gene of interest for producing the desirable trait in mosquitoes. Deletion of functional genes or insertion of toxic genes in vector mosquitoes will produce either knock-out or knock-in mutants that will check the spread of vector-borne diseases. Presently, three types of genome editing tools viz., zinc finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR associated protein 9 (Cas9) are widely used for the editing of the genomes of diverse organisms. These tools are also applied in vector mosquitoes to control the spread of vector-borne diseases. A few studies have been carried out on genome editing to control the diseases spread by vector mosquitoes and more studies need to be performed with the utilization of more recently invented tools like CRISPR/Cas9 to combat the spread of deadly diseases by vector mosquitoes. The high specificity and flexibility of CRISPR/Cas9 system may offer possibilities for novel genome editing for the control of important diseases spread by vector mosquitoes. In this review, we present the current status of genome editing research on vector mosquitoes and also discuss the future applications of vector mosquito genome editing to control the spread of vectorborne diseases.

著者

Jinjin Zhang Jiaqiang Xiong Li Fang Zhiyong Lu Meng Wu Liangyan Shi Xian Qin Aiyue Luo Shixuan Wang

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01125, (Released:2016-07-26)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

1 17

---

Numerous studies have reported that human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUCMSC) therapy can rescue the structure and function of injured tissues. The aims of this study were to explore the protective role of hUCMSC transplantation in a model of accelerated ovarian aging and to compare 2 methods of transplanting hUCMSCs, i.e. i) via intravenous injection (IV) and ii) in situ ovarian micro injection (MI). Female mice were subjected to superovulation and ozone inhalation to create a model of accelerated ovarian aging with a decline in both the quantity and quality of oocytes. Cells were transplanted via IV or MI, and ovaries were removed after 2 weeks or 1 month of treatment. Ovarian reserve and function were evaluated based on the follicle counts, hormone levels, the estrous cycle, and reproductive performance. Cell tracking, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Western blot analysis were used to assess the inner mechanisms of injury and repair. Results indicated that ovarian function increased significantly after treatment with hUCMSCs. Immunofluorescence revealed reduced TUNEL staining and a decreased percentage of apoptotic cells. A higher level of expression of anti-apoptotic and antioxidant enzymes was noted in the ovaries of groups treated with hUCMSCs. These parameters were enhanced more when mice were treated with hUCMSCs for 1 month than when they treated with hUCMSCs for 2 weeks. IV was better able to restore ovarian function than MI. These results suggest that both methods of transplantation may improve ovarian function and that IV transplantation of hUCMSCs can significantly improve ovarian function and structural parameters more than MI transplantation of hUCMSCs can.

著者

Jin Wen Yongzhong Cheng Xiuying Hu Ping Yuan Tianyou Hao Yingkang Shi

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.27-33, 2016 (Released:2016-03-10)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 114

---

The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of burnout among different grade hospitals and to examine if a relation exists between burnout and medical mistakes. A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted. Physicians were interviewed in hospitals from 10 provinces in China. Burnout was measured using the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Overall, 1,537 physicians were included in this study. Of these, 76.9% reported some burnout symptoms or serious burnout symptoms and 54.8% reported committing medical mistakes during the last year. 39.6%, 50.0%, and 59.5% of the respondents in primary, secondary, and tertiary hospitals respectively reported having made mistakes over the course of the previous year. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that being female was protective against medical mistakes (OR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.58-0.89), whereas physician-reported 60 or more work hours per week (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.22-2.22), and physicians who reported serious burnout (OR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.63-3.17) were independently associated with higher incidence of medical mistakes. In conclusion, Chinese physicians reported high workloads, high rates of burnout and high medical mistakes. Physicians in tertiary hospitals were especially overworked and suffered the most serious burnout. Longer work hours per week, and burnout were the independent risk factors for medical mistakes.

著者

Jufeng Xia Peipei Song Lingzhong Xu Wei Tang

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2015.01047, (Released:2015-04-21)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4

---

Over the past few years, genetically modified organisms (GMO) have gradually become more familiar after numerous reports of problems with GMO safety, such as genetically modified (GM) potatoes disrupting immunity, GM corn inducing tumors, and GM rice being fed to unwitting Chinese children. Every time, these reports cause panic among the population and lead to objections to GMO in various fora. After each incident, the scientific community has delivered its academic appraisal and refuted rumors through slow and cautious investigations and evaluations. Unfortunately, during each event media outlets quickly scare the public about food safety and ignore the ensuing comments from scientists. Although scientists have investigated each GMO crisis and reached scientific and rational conclusions, they have less ability to disseminate information than the media, so the public is not promptly informed of their rational and objective viewpoints as experts. Thus, scientists need greater ability to disseminate information from scientific investigations and evaluations in order to correct the intemperate reporting by attention-seeking media.

著者

Zhipeng Sun Wei Tang Yoshihiro Sakamoto Kiyoshi Hasegawa Norihiro Kokudo

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.5, pp.284-288, 2015 (Released:2015-11-11)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 8

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