著者

Jianjun Gao Zhenxue Tian Xu Yang

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01047, (Released:2020-02-19)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

58 1742

---

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus is spreading rapidly, and scientists are endeavoring to discover drugs for its efficacious treatment in China. Chloroquine phosphate, an old drug for treatment of malaria, is shown to have apparent efficacy and acceptable safety against COVID-19 associated pneumonia in multicenter clinical trials conducted in China. The drug is recommended to be included in the next version of the Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pneumonia Caused by COVID-19 issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China for treatment of COVID-19 infection in larger populations in the future.

著者

Jianjun Gao Zhenxue Tian Xu Yang

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.72-73, 2020-02-29 (Released:2020-03-16)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1545 1742

---

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) virus is spreading rapidly, and scientists are endeavoring to discover drugs for its efficacious treatment in China. Chloroquine phosphate, an old drug for treatment of malaria, is shown to have apparent efficacy and acceptable safety against COVID-19 associated pneumonia in multicenter clinical trials conducted in China. The drug is recommended to be included in the next version of the Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Pneumonia Caused by COVID-19 issued by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China for treatment of COVID-19 infection in larger populations in the future.

著者

Yi Su Yun Ling Yuyan Ma Lili Tao Qing Miao Qingfeng Shi Jue Pan Hongzhou Lu Bijie Hu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.03340, (Released:2020-12-18)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

---

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of multiple treatments, especially hydroxychloroquine, used in different disease stages of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). All consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (Shanghai, China) between January 20, 2020, and April 30, 2020, were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively collected. Binary logistic regression was used to screen the factors associated with disease aggravation, and multivariable analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the effects of prognostic factors on the improvement time and PCR conversion days in throat swabs and stool swabs. A total of 616 patients, including 50 (8.11%) severe and 18 (2.92%) critical patients, were enrolled in our retrospective cohort study. The early use of hydroxychloroquine was a protective factor associated with disease aggravation (95% CI: 0.040-0.575, p = 0.006). Clinical improvement by 20 days was significantly different between patients with hydroxychloroquine used early and those with hydroxychloroquine not used (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 1.052-1.647). The median time to clinical improvement was 6 days in the hydroxychloroquine used early group, compared with 9 days in the without hydroxychloroquine used group and 8 days in the with hydroxychloroquine not used early group (p < 0.001). Hydroxychloroquine used early was associated with earlier PCR conversion in both throat swabs (HR = 1.558, p = 0.001) and stool swabs (HR = 1.400, p = 0.028). The use of hydroxychloroquine at an early stage is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients before irreversible severe respiratory complications occur. The early use of hydroxychloroquine decreased the improvement time and the duration of COVID-19 detection in throat and stool swabs.

著者

Xiqi Hu Jun Peng Wei Tang Ying Xia Peipei Song

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.01221, (Released:2023-09-17)

参考文献数

145

被引用文献数

1

---

Diet and circadian rhythms have been found to have a profound impact on health, disease, and aging. Skipping breakfast, eating late, and overeating have adverse effects on the body's metabolism and increase the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Disturbance of circadian rhythms has been associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other diseases. Abnormal deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) and tau proteins in the brain and impaired synaptic function are linked to cognitive dysfunction. A restrictive diet following the circadian rhythm can affect the metabolism of lipids, glucose, and amino acids such as branched chain amino acids and cysteine. These metabolic changes contribute to autophagy through molecular mechanisms such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), rapamycin (mTOR), D-β-hydroxybutyrate (D-BHB), and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Autophagy, in turn, promotes the removal of abnormally deposited proteins and damaged organelles and improves cognitive function, ultimately prolonging lifespan. In addition, a diet restricted to the circadian rhythm induces increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the forebrain region, regulating autophagy and increasing synaptic plasticity, thus enhancing cognitive function. Consequently, circadian rhythm-restricted diets could serve as a promising non-pharmacological treatment for preventing and improving cognitive dysfunction and prolonging lifespan.

著者

Tetsuya Asakawa Qingxian Cai Jiayin Shen Ying Zhang Yongshuang Li Peifen Chen Wen Luo Jiangguo Zhang Jinfeng Zhou Hui Zeng Ruihui Weng Feng Hu Huiquan Feng Jun Chen Jie Huang Xiaoyin Zhang Yu Zhao Liekui Fang Rongqing Yang Jia Huang Fuxiang Wang Yingxia Liu Hongzhou Lu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023.01039, (Released:2023-03-14)

参考文献数

278

被引用文献数

4

---

Over three years have passed since the COVID-19 pandemic started. The dangerousness and impact of COVID-19 should definitely not be ignored or underestimated. Other than the symptoms of acute infection, the long-term symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, which are referred to here as "sequelae of long COVID (LC)", are also a conspicuous global public health concern. Although such sequelae were well-documented, the understanding of and insights regarding LC-related sequelae remain inadequate due to the limitations of previous studies (the follow-up, methodological flaws, heterogeneity among studies, etc.). Notably, robust evidence regarding diagnosis and treatment of certain LC sequelae remain insufficient and has been a stumbling block to better management of these patients. This awkward situation motivated us to conduct this review. Here, we comprehensively reviewed the updated information, particularly focusing on clinical issues. We attempt to provide the latest information regarding LC-related sequelae by systematically reviewing the involvement of main organ systems. We also propose paths for future exploration based on available knowledge and the authors' clinical experience. We believe that these take-home messages will be helpful to gain insights into LC and ultimately benefit clinical practice in treating LC-related sequelae.

著者

Hongzhou Lu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01020, (Released:2020-01-28)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

745

---

As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China. At present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human and animal coronavirus, so that identifying the drug treatment options as soon as possible is critical for the response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Three general methods, which include existing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs using standard assays, screening of a chemical library containing many existing compounds or databases, and the redevelopment of new specific drugs based on the genome and biophysical understanding of individual coronaviruses, are used to discover the potential antiviral treatment of human pathogen coronavirus. Lopinavir /Ritonavir, Nucleoside analogues, Neuraminidase inhibitors, Remdesivir, peptide (EK1), abidol, RNA synthesis inhibitors (such as TDF, 3TC), anti-inflammatory drugs (such as hormones and other molecules), Chinese traditional medicine, such ShuFengJieDu Capsules and Lianhuaqingwen Capsule, could be the drug treatment options for 2019-nCoV. However, the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019- nCoV still need to be further confirmed by clinical experiments.

著者

Hongzhou Lu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.69-71, 2020-02-29 (Released:2020-03-16)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

745

---

As of January 22, 2020, a total of 571 cases of the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) have been reported in 25 provinces (districts and cities) in China. At present, there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for human and animal coronavirus, so that identifying the drug treatment options as soon as possible is critical for the response to the 2019-nCoV outbreak. Three general methods, which include existing broad-spectrum antiviral drugs using standard assays, screening of a chemical library containing many existing compounds or databases, and the redevelopment of new specific drugs based on the genome and biophysical understanding of individual coronaviruses, are used to discover the potential antiviral treatment of human pathogen coronavirus. Lopinavir /Ritonavir, Nucleoside analogues, Neuraminidase inhibitors, Remdesivir, peptide (EK1), abidol, RNA synthesis inhibitors (such as TDF, 3TC), anti-inflammatory drugs (such as hormones and other molecules), Chinese traditional medicine, such ShuFengJieDu Capsules and Lianhuaqingwen Capsule, could be the drug treatment options for 2019-nCoV. However, the efficacy and safety of these drugs for 2019- nCoV still need to be further confirmed by clinical experiments.

著者

Masashi Ohe Haruki Shida Satoshi Jodo Yoshihiro Kusunoki Masahide Seki Ken Furuya Houman Goudarzi

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.03058, (Released:2020-04-05)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

47

---

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic that has developed in late 2019 and 2020 is a serious threat to human health. With no vaccines or drugs approved for prevention and treatment until now, all efforts at drug design and/or clinical trials of already approved drugs are worthy and creditable. Using structure-based drug selection for identification of SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibitors, old drugs such as macrolides (MAC) were predicted to be effective for COVID-19. Lately, the anti-viral effects of macrolides have attracted considerable attention. Very recently, hydroxychloroquine in combination with azithromycin treatment was reported to be effective for COVID-19. We believe that treatments with macrolides alone or in combination with other drugs are promising and open the possibility of an international strategy to fight this emerging viral infection.

著者

Jianjun Gao Shasha Hu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.03072, (Released:2020-04-13)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

39

---

Drugs that are specifically efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 have yet to be established. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have garnered considerable attention for their potential to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Increasing evidence obtained from completed clinical studies indicates the prospects for chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19. More randomized control clinical studies are warranted to determine the feasibility of these two drugs in treating COVID-19.

著者

Hongyan Wu Atsuko Yamaguchi

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.4, pp.192-201, 2014-08-31 (Released:2014-09-12)

参考文献数

92

被引用文献数

11

---

The life sciences field is entering an era of big data with the breakthroughs of science and technology. More and more big data-related projects and activities are being performed in the world. Life sciences data generated by new technologies are continuing to grow in not only size but also variety and complexity, with great speed. To ensure that big data has a major influence in the life sciences, comprehensive data analysis across multiple data sources and even across disciplines is indispensable. The increasing volume of data and the heterogeneous, complex varieties of data are two principal issues mainly discussed in life science informatics. The ever-evolving next-generation Web, characterized as the Semantic Web, is an extension of the current Web, aiming to provide information for not only humans but also computers to semantically process large-scale data. The paper presents a survey of big data in life sciences, big data related projects and Semantic Web technologies. The paper introduces the main Semantic Web technologies and their current situation, and provides a detailed analysis of how Semantic Web technologies address the heterogeneous variety of life sciences big data. The paper helps to understand the role of Semantic Web technologies in the big data era and how they provide a promising solution for the big data in life sciences.

著者

Yuka Sumikawa Noriko Yamamoto-Mitani

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.55-57, 2021-02-28 (Released:2021-03-15)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

9

---

Transitional care is indispensable in successfully transitioning patients from hospital to home and preventing adverse events during this process. There were restricted services in several hospitals for minimizing the spread of COVID-19. Therefore, hospitals could not provide adequate transitional care that possibly resulted in poor post-discharge outcomes in patients. Some hospitals have now combined infection prevention with face-to-face opportunities, i.e., requiring reservations for transitional care consultation and restricting pre-discharge conferences. Several hospitals started providing pre-discharge conferences using apps, where patients/family caregivers and care teams could have face-to-face discussions about medical and nursing care plans, goals, and preferences. However, building a relationship between patient/family and medical/nursing staff and providing decision-making, psychological support, and risk assessment generally performed in person are still in demand. New hybrid strategies should be developed and evaluated to provide transitional care while using online systems and minimal face-to-face support during the pandemic.

著者

Peipei Song Takashi Karako

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01056, (Released:2020-02-25)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

116

---

Rapidly sharing scientific information is an effective way to reduce public panic about COVID-19, and doing so is the key to providing real-time guidance to epidemiologists working to contain the outbreak, clinicians managing patients, and modelers helping to understand future developments and the possible effectiveness of various interventions. This issue has rapidly reviewed and published articles describing COVID-19, including the drug treatment options for SARS-CoV-2, its clinical characteristics, and therapies involving a combination of Chinese and Western medicine, the efficacy of chloroquine phosphate in the treatment of COVID-19 associated pneumonia according to clinical studies, and reflections on the system of reserve medical supplies for public health emergencies. As an academic journal, we will continue to quickly and transparently share data with frontline healthcare workers who need to know the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19.

著者

Rong Chen Ping Xu Peipei Song Meifeng Wang Jiangjiang He

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.287-291, 2019-08-31 (Released:2019-09-17)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

10 81

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The aging of a population structure is an inevitable path of demographic transition, as an inescapable result of decline in fertility rate and extension in life expectancy. Although demographic transition occurred earlier in Japan than in China, the two countries had similar patterns, both of which took a much shorter period of time than Western countries to complete demographic transition, as well as have been aging at a rapid speed that has rarely been seen in the world. Japan has the highest level of population aging in the world, and China has been experiencing a very fast pace of the population aging process and has the largest older population. Drawing upon data from World Population Prospects (2019), this paper compares changes in population aging in both China and Japan. Findings show that Japan's aging process is 30 years ahead of China, but China has been changing in a similar way as Japan. To be specific, both countries experienced four phases of the population aging process: accelerated development period, rapid development period, slow down period and high-level maintained period. In addition, both countries had a quick growing rate of population aging. It will take China 23 years and 10 years respectively for the aging rate increasing from 7% to 14% and then to 20%, while Japan took 24 and 11 years respectively, which is much shorter than developed countries in the West. Furthermore, China has a faster pace than Japan in population aging in the next 25 years. We found that from 2019-2044, China's aging rate, elderly dependency ratio, oldest-old coefficient and median age of population will increase 13.24 percent points, 24.21 percent points, 8.33 percent points, and 8.47 years, while the four indicators of Japan will increase 8.38 percent points, 22.52 percent points, 8.29 percent points, and 6.20 years, respectively.

著者

Jiao Zhang Shoucai Wu Lingzhong Xu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.03069, (Released:2020-04-22)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

15 47

---

Following a containment phase of two months, China has transitioned to the mitigation phase. However, China still faces the risk of COVID-19 spreading due to not only to sporadic new cases and imported cases but also asymptomatic carriers. According to daily reports from the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China from March 31, 2020 to April 7, 2020, the number of new asymptomatic cases reported daily greatly exceeded that of new imported cases. As of 24:00 on April 7, there were a total of 1,095 asymptomatic cases with COVID-19 under medical observation on the Chinese mainland, including 358 imported cases. A growing number of studies have indicated that asymptomatic carriers are infectious to an extent and can potentially transmit COVID-19. At present, China's measures for managing asymptomatic carriers are 14 days of centralized quarantine and observation; in principle, people with two consecutive negative nucleic acid tests (at an interval of at least 24 hours) can be released from quarantine. However, asymptomatic carriers will not be included in confirmed cases unless they develop clinical manifestations while in quarantine. As "silent spreaders", asymptomatic carriers warrant attention as part of disease prevention and control. The testing and follow-up of asymptomatic carriers should be expanded to include people in close contact with patients with confirmed COVID-19 and asymptomatic cases, clusters of outbreaks, and key areas and populations with a high risk of infection.

著者

Zhenwei Wang Xiaorong Chen Yunfei Lu Feifei Chen Wei Zhang

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2020.01030, (Released:2020-02-09)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

373

---

Pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is continuously and rapidly circulating at present. No effective antiviral treatment has been verified thus far. We report here the clinical characteristics and therapeutic procedure for four patients with mild or severe 2019-nCoV pneumonia admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. All the patients were given antiviral treatment including lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra®), arbidol, and Shufeng Jiedu Capsule (SFJDC, a traditional Chinese medicine) and other necessary support care. After treatment, three patients gained significant improvement in pneumonia associated symptoms, two of whom were confirmed 2019-nCoV negative and discharged, and one of whom was virus negative at the first test. The remaining patient with severe pneumonia had shown signs of improvement by the cutoff date for data collection. Results obtained in the current study may provide clues for treatment of 2019-nCoV pneumonia. The efficacy of antiviral treatment including lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, and SFJDC warrants further verification in future study.

著者

Lan Yu Zhen Yang Ming An

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.308-313, 2019-08-31 (Released:2019-09-17)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

38

---

Wearable sensors have garnered considerable interest because of their great promise in terms of personalized health and disease management. Tears are a superior target for wireless, non-invasive wearable devices, and tear-based platforms have developed rapidly over the past decade. Although an increasing number of tear analytes have been found to be associated with multiple diseases, glucose still serves as a main target for tear-based wearable devices. There has been much investment and efforts to develop tear-based wearable biosensors, with contact lens-based and spring-like sensors flourishing commercially. Current efforts have moved past ocular and systematic disease markers to nutrients and chemicals. Moreover, tear-based wearable devices also have the potential to treat some ocular diseases. This review discusses aspects of tear-based wearable devices and it emphasizes that strict clinical validation is needed before such platforms enter the market. Multifunctional and theranostic strategies would further broaden their clinical use in the future.

著者

Yingying Ding Huamei Yan Zhen Ning Xiaofeng Cai Yin Yang Rong Pan Yanqiu Zhou Huang Zheng Meiyang Gao Keming Rou Zunyou Wu Na He

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2016.01035, (Released:2016-04-06)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

56

---

Little is known about the acceptance and actual uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and associated factors in men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. This study is the baseline survey of an intervention study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of tenofovirdisoproxil fumarate (TDF) on a daily use for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention among MSM in Shanghai, China. From October 2012 to December 2013, a total of 1,033 MSM in Shanghai were recruited by local district Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and a MSM community-based non-governmental organization (NGO). Among them, 197 (19.1%) participants expressed willingness to use the TDF group at baseline survey, but only 26 (2.5%) participated in the TDF group and took TDF one tablet a day. Higher willingness to use PrEP was associated with being 45 years or older, non-local residents, having more male sex partners in the past 6 months and not using condom at last anal sex with man. Acutal uptake of PrEP was associated with having ≥ 11 male sex partners in lifetime and reporting no female sex partners in lifetime. Reasons for not participating in TDF group among those who expressed willingness to use PrEP at baseline survey included loss of contact, ineligiblity because of abnormal results for liver or renal function tests, change of mind, and HIV seroconversion before uptake of PrEP. Our findings suggest that promotion of PrEP in MSM remains challenging at current circumstancein China. Future research is needed to solicit effective education and intervention programs to promote acceptance of PrEP among Chinese MSM.

著者

Yang Sun Hongzhou Lu

出版者

バイオ&ソーシャル・サイエンス推進国際研究交流会

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.189-191, 2014-06-30 (Released:2014-07-17)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

---

In more than 20 years of medical practice, a surprising phenomenon has often occurred: some patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) decide not to go to the hospital and they do not let others know that they are suffering from the disease unless they believe that they are dieing. Zhang Shan (a pseudonym) is one such patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS who was reluctant to receive antiviral therapy as soon as possible, and this paper shares Zhang's story as he related it. Clearly, there are numerous views as to why patients in China behave as Zhang did. Presented here are several reasons, including society, history, morality and ideology, family, and education. Although all of these reasons do play a role, the patient’s mindset and behavior is the most significant reason for a patient’s reluctance to seek treatment or disclose his/her status. If the individual patient’s mindset and behavior are not dealt with effectively, then HIV/AIDS can continue to spread and threaten additional lives and even the fabric of society. This paper analyzes the reasons why patients are hesitant to receive antiviral therapy, but this paper also suggests steps healthcare personnel can take to encourage patients to seek treatment. Such steps can save the lives of current patients with HIV/AIDS. In addition, sound public health measures and a rational approach to treatment are important to helping potential patients with HIV/AIDS.

著者

Niuniu Li Gaolin Liu Hong Gao Qiang Wu Juan Meng Fei Wang Siwei Jiang Meixia Chen Wenhui Xu Yifan Zhang Yanjun Wang Yingqian Feng Juncai Liu Cheng Xu Hongzhou Lu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.4, pp.262-270, 2023-08-31 (Released:2023-09-15)

参考文献数

79

---

As people age, geriatric syndromes characterized by frailty significantly impact both clinical practice and public health. Aging weakens people's immune functions, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation that ultimately contributes to the development of frailty. Effectively managing geriatric syndromes and frailty can help alleviate the economic burden of an aging population. This review delves into the intricate relationship among aging, infection-induced inflammation, chronic inflammation, and frailty. In addition, it analyzes various approaches and interventions to address frailty, such as smart rehabilitation programs and stem-cell treatments, offering promising solutions in this new era. Given the importance of this topic, further research into the mechanisms of frailty is crucial. Equally essential is the devising of relevant measures to delay its onset and the formulation of comprehensive clinical, research, and public health strategies to enhance the quality of life for elderly individuals.

著者

Yi Su Yun Ling Yuyan Ma Lili Tao Qing Miao Qingfeng Shi Jue Pan Hongzhou Lu Bijie Hu

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.6, pp.408-414, 2020-12-31 (Released:2021-01-23)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 4

---

The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of multiple treatments, especially hydroxychloroquine, used in different disease stages of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). All consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (Shanghai, China) between January 20, 2020, and April 30, 2020, were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively collected. Binary logistic regression was used to screen the factors associated with disease aggravation, and multivariable analyses with the Cox proportional hazards model were used to estimate the effects of prognostic factors on the improvement time and PCR conversion days in throat swabs and stool swabs. A total of 616 patients, including 50 (8.11%) severe and 18 (2.92%) critical patients, were enrolled in our retrospective cohort study. The early use of hydroxychloroquine was a protective factor associated with disease aggravation (95% CI: 0.040-0.575, p = 0.006). Clinical improvement by 20 days was significantly different between patients with hydroxychloroquine used early and those with hydroxychloroquine not used (p = 0.016, 95% CI: 1.052-1.647). The median time to clinical improvement was 6 days in the hydroxychloroquine used early group, compared with 9 days in the without hydroxychloroquine used group and 8 days in the with hydroxychloroquine not used early group (p < 0.001). Hydroxychloroquine used early was associated with earlier PCR conversion in both throat swabs (HR = 1.558, p = 0.001) and stool swabs (HR = 1.400, p = 0.028). The use of hydroxychloroquine at an early stage is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients before irreversible severe respiratory complications occur. The early use of hydroxychloroquine decreased the improvement time and the duration of COVID-19 detection in throat and stool swabs.