- 著者
- Ngwe Tun Mya Myat Sakura Takaya Sakurai Yasuteru Kurosaki Yohei Inaoka Daniel Ken Shioda Norifumi Yasuda Jiro Kita Kiyoshi Morita Kouichi
- 出版者
- BioMed Central Ltd
- 雑誌
- Tropical Medicine and Health (ISSN:13494147)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.50, pp.art. no. 6, 2022-01-07
- 被引用文献数
- 7
Background: Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) began to emerge in 2020 and have been spreading globally during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the presence of different COVID-19 vaccines, the discovery of effective antiviral therapeutics for the treatment of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 are still urgently needed. A natural amino acid, 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), has exhibited both antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities. In a previous study, we demonstrated an in vitro antiviral effect of 5-ALA against SARS-CoV-2 infection without significant cytotoxicity. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether 5-ALA with or without sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) can inhibit in vitro both the original SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain and its variants, including the Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta strains.Methods: The antiviral activity of ALA with or without SFC was determined in Vero-E6 cell. The virus inhibition was quantified by real time RT-PCR.Results: Co-administration of 5-ALA and SFC inhibited the Wuhan, Alpha and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 with IC50 values of 235, 173 and 397 µM, respectively, and the Beta and Gamma variants with IC50 values of 1311 and 1516 µM.Conclusion: Our study suggests that 5-ALA with SFC warrants accelerated clinical evaluation as an antiviral drug candidate for treating patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- 著者
- Usami Masahide Sasayama Daimei Sugiyama Nobuhiro Hosogane Nana Kim Soo-Yung Yamashita Yushiro Kodaira Masaki Watanabe Kyota Iwadare Yoshitaka Sawa Tetsuji Saito Kazuhiko
- 出版者
- BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
- 雑誌
- CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY AND MENTAL HEALTH
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.7, pp.11, 2013-01
- 被引用文献数
- 9
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Questionnaire-Children with Difficulties (QCD), which was developed for the evaluation of children's daily life behaviors during specified periods of the day. Methods: The subjects were 1,514 Japanese public elementary and junior high school students. For the examination of reliability, Cronbach's alpha was calculated to assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire. With regard to validity, correlation coefficients were calculated to examine whether QCD scores correlated with those of the ADHD-Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) and the Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory (ODBI). Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total score of the QCD was .876. The correlation coefficients of the QCD score with ADHD-RS and ODBI scores were -.514 and -.577, respectively. Conclusions: The internal consistency and validity of the QCD were demonstrated. The QCD is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating daily life problems for children during different time periods of the day.