著者

Kazuo NAKASHIMA Kazuhiro SUENAGA

出版者

JARQ編集委員会

雑誌

Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ (ISSN:00213551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.1-10, 2017-01-01 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

75

被引用文献数

19

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Crop damage due to environmental stresses, including drought, high salinity, and high temperature, occurs worldwide. Therefore, genetically modifying plants to increase their environmental stress tolerance is an important global issue. In this paper, we discuss recent developments in basic and applied research aimed at genetically improving crop environmental stress tolerance. First, we review the progress made in understanding the environmental stress-tolerance mechanisms in plants, using Arabidopsis or rice as models. Then, we discuss our international collaboration to genetically modify crops such as rice, wheat, sugarcane and soybean that entails greenhouse- or field-based drought-tolerance tests. Finally, we assess the future prospects for developing stress-tolerant varieties

著者

Yuko AKUNE Mitsuru OKIYAMA Suminori TOKUNAGA

出版者

JARQ編集委員会

雑誌

Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ (ISSN:00213551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.127-133, 2015-04-01 (Released:2015-05-15)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 8

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This paper uses the dynamic computable general equilibrium (DCGE) model to evaluate the economic impact of technologies developed to foster adaptation to climate change in domestic rice production, related food industries, and economic welfare in Japan, where high temperatures in 2010 led to rice quality deteriorating and other serious problems over and above a mere decline in output. Three scenarios were simulated: one without temperature change, one with temperature change but rice cultivars unchanged, and one with both an increase in temperature and the adoption of high temperature-tolerant rice varieties. Our simulations indicate that new rice cultivars with high temperature tolerance would reduce economic welfare losses from 264 to 118 billion yen during the simulation period. Paddy-rice farming production increased because product prices increased. Farming inputs also rose correspondingly, triggering an increase in agricultural land rents. Non-agricultural household and small-scale paddy rice-growing household suffered welfare loss. Conversely, medium- and large-scale paddy rice-growing and other farming households saw their welfare boosted. These differences were attributable to the impact of changes in agricultural land rents to their total income. All impacts, not only on economic welfare but also production in the case with new cultivars of high temperature-tolerant rice were smaller than in the those without such cultivars, which indicates that adopting new adaptive technologies eases the economic impact of a warmer climate.

著者

Minoru TADA Dinghuan HU Ruangrai TOKRISNA

出版者

JARQ編集委員会

雑誌

Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ (ISSN:00213551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.4, pp.317-322, 2009 (Released:2012-02-16)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

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In many Asian countries, agricultural industrialization led by agro-industries has been progressing, and agricultural production has been shifting from staple foods to high value commodities such as vegetables, fruits and livestock products. This trend is considered to have contributed to improving agricultural profitability as well as to expanding rural employment. The purpose of the paper is to test the hypothesis that the foreign direct investment (FDI) promotes high value agriculture through development of the food processing industry. We estimated factors that determine labor productivity in the food processing industry and agricultural sector, and obtained cross country statistical results that provide supports to the hypothesis. The typical case of this FDI-food industry-farm linkage is seen in contract farming, in which firms provide technical assistances and guaranteed markets to farmers. The results of a farm household survey implemented in China by the authors provide the farm level evidence to the linkage, in which foreign affiliated enterprises play important roles in technology transfer in compliance with food safety standards.

著者

Toru SHIMODA Chumpol SRITHONG Chittima ARYUTHAKA

出版者

JARQ編集委員会

雑誌

Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly: JARQ (ISSN:00213551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.139-145, 2005-04-28 (Released:2014-02-27)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5 8

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Water was circulated between shrimp and mangrove ponds to process effluent from shrimp aquaculture using mangrove trees at the Samut Songkhram Research Station, Kasetsart University, Thailand. Shrimp growth was faster in the ponds circulated with water from mangroves during the first 63 days of culture, before mass mortality occurred. Mass mortality of shrimp occurred after 63 days of culture. Though a load reduction effect to the environment was observed in the nitrogen and phosphorus budgets, this experiment was terminated prior to completion due to mass mortality. Further experiments on processing effluent with mangroves are needed.