著者

Myovela Rajabu 今中 政輝 栗本 宗明 杉本 重幸 加藤 丈佳 藤田 美和子

出版者

Japan Society of Energy and Resources

雑誌

エネルギー・資源学会論文誌 (ISSN:24330531)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.257-266, 2021 (Released:2021-07-10)

参考文献数

19

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Fast Automated Demand Response (FastADR) is one of the expected measures to control electricity demand of consumers so that the balancing of electricity supply and demand in a short time horizon is improved. Due to their high power consumption in business buildings, Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC) loads are the promising resource for FastADR. However, because of their operational characteristics, HVAC loads do not perfectly follow external control signals. To mitigate this problem, Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) can be used complementarily. This paper proposes a method that coordinates the operation of building’s multi-units air conditioning system and BESS to reduce the required capacity of BESS for supporting HVAC operation in the FastADR. In the proposed method, the BESS discharges to supply the difference between the FastADR signal and HVAC load consumption and then recovers its energy by further adjusting the reference power consumption of the HVAC load, in which the thermal capacity of buildings is considered to reduce the required capacity of the BESS. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the benefit of the proposed coordinated control.

著者

Kenjiro Yagi Ramteen Sioshansi

出版者

Japan Society of Energy and Resources

雑誌

エネルギー・資源学会論文誌 (ISSN:24330531)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.5, pp.211-219, 2023-09-11 (Released:2023-09-11)

参考文献数

37

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Market power and unpriced carbon externalities are two failures that are common to wholesale electricity markets. We use a case study that is based on Japan’s wholesale electricity market to examine the impacts of addressing the former. Specifically, we compare Pigouvian taxes on carbon emissions and a renewable portfolio standard, which is an alternative indirect policy measure that is used commonly to reduce carbon emissions. We find that the benefits of Pigouvian taxes in reducing carbon emissions can be suppressed if market power is not addressed. This effect depends upon market structure, though. For the case of Japan’s electricity sector, this effect of market power is due to the industry being highly asymmetric. Carbon pricing increases the cost of carbon-intensive electricity-generation technologies. Lower-carbon generation technologies are held by firms with market power, which have incentives to withhold their capacity from the market to increase wholesale prices and their profits. As such, carbon pricing can result in high prices but muted carbon-emissions reductions. These impacts of carbon pricing are not observed if the wholesale electricity market is perfectly competitive.