著者

伊津野 重満

出版者

文教大学

雑誌

文教大学国際学部紀要 (ISSN:09173072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.19-30, 1993

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After the USSR was dissolved, circumstances have qickly changed politically, economically and ideologically.Austria and Switzerland, permanently neutral states, which have been member states of the EFTA, have wanted to become member states of the EC since 1961. The USSR, Czechoslovakia and so on have, however, objected to their becoming member states of the EC because it would violate their legal status as neutral states. So permanently neutral states above mentioned and Sweden, ocasionally neutral states, could not become member states of the EC notwithstanding their wishes. That is because, if neutral states obtain membership in the EC, in the future they may be obliged by the EC to apply economic sanctions against belligerents due to it's common economic policy.But nowadays the concept of permanent neutrality ― immerwährende Neutralität ― and occasonal neutrality ― gelegentliche Neutralität ― is strongly affected by the dissolution of USSR and is changing.As is widely known, today the Republic of Russia as a successor of USSR is no longer a super power which could prevent neutral states from becoming member states of the EC, and has not the political motive to do so. It is therefore essential to consider for the future what the legal obligations of neutral states at present are.From the viewpoint of traditional international law, the auther tries to describe the obligations of occasonal neutral states in war time and permanently neutral states in peace time.