Introduction 1. Legislative process 2. Constitutional reform 3. Senate as the chamber of territorial representation Conclusion The 1978 Constitution of Spain calls the Senate "the chamber of territorial representation", but actually it is only partly the case. This paper refers to the functions and powers of the Senate in relation to the legislative process, constitutional reform, and the autonomous communities in order to make out the real character of the Senate and raison d'etre of contemporary bicameral system.