著者

三友 健容

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.875-867,1271, 2007

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There are many untitled "<i>Sdstras</i>" which are quoted in the <i>Abhidharmadipa</i>, which I will abbreviate here as ≪<i>ADV</i>≫. Needless to say, we can understand what the author of the <i>ADV</i> stands upon by checking these quoted texts.<br>There are over 40 examples where Vasubandhu, the author of <i>Abhidharmakosabhasya</i> (<i>AKBh</i>), used "<i>Sastra</i>" in his text. Of these examples, the title of the <i>Prakarana-sastra</i> and the <i>Jñana prasthana</i> are known as the most common. On the other hand, "<i>Sastra</i>" is used in 20 sentences in the <i>ADV</i>. Of these, three refer to texts that are non-Buddhist, and the other 17 examples seem to be quoted from some of the so-called <i>Six pada-sastras</i>.<br>I have tried to check the standpoint of the dipakara, the author of the <i>ADV</i>, by researching these quoted "<i>Sastras</i>". Basically, the dipakara specifically mentions the title of "<i>Sastra</i>" only in reference to the <i>Prajñapti-bhasya</i>, <i>Prakarana-sastra</i> and the <i>Jñana-prasthana</i>. I could not find the titles of <i>Dhatukaya</i> and <i>Vijñana-kaya</i> mentioned anywhere, but I was able to identify sentences quoted from the <i>Abhidharmâvatara</i>, the <i>Prakarana-sastra</i>, the <i>Samgiti-paryaya</i>, the <i>Dharma-skandha</i>, the <i>Jñana-prasthana</i>, the <i>Mahavibhasa</i>, the <i>AKBh</i>, the <i>Nyayanusara</i> and the <i>Samayapradipika</i> by researching the use of the word of <i>sastra</i>. The dipakara even adopted the opinion of the <i>AKBh</i> when the latter represented the correct doctrine of the Sarvastivadin school.<br><i>AKBh</i> refers to "<i>Mahavibhasa</i>" as simply "<i>Vibhasa</i>", and the masters mentioned there by the term "<i>vaibhasika</i>". The <i>ADV</i>, however, refers to the same text as "<i>Vaibhasa</i>". It is not clear why <i>ADV</i> uses this form.<br>There are two possibilities why <i>ADV</i> uses the form "<i>Vaibhasa</i>":<br>1) "<i>Vaibhasa</i>" comes from the rule of the Sanskrit grammar which states that when a noun changes its vowel to vrddhi form, it means "that which belongs to or is affiliated with the original noun." In this case it means texts which belong to "<i>Vibhasa</i>."<br>2) <i>ADV</i> intentionally changed the word used by the dipakara's rival, Vasubandhu, because the dipakara hated him. In fact, the dipakara created many original expressions from words previously used in the <i>AKBh</i>.<br>I would like to suggest that the most likely possibility is the first. This would mean simply texts belonging to the Sarvastivadin School, because it is difficult to believe that the dipakara changed the title of the original text.<br>The major difference between the <i>ADV</i> and the <i>AKBh</i> is that the dipakara uses texts of the Madhyamika and Yogacaya schools to criticise Mahayana Buddhism.