著者

橋本 義郎 ハシモト ヨシロウ Yoshiro Hashimoto

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.3, pp.9-23, 2007-03-31

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Almost all of schools and universities in Sweden, both public and private, chargestudents little or no educational fees. As a condition of receiving financial support from the national government, they may receive only small sums from students forthe purchase of learning materials for individual use and are not allowed to chargefor tuition. In addition to this indirect support, there is a direct financial supportsystem for helping students at various educational levels, including university. Thearticle introduces this system, focusing on its function of supporting students, anddiscusses its characteristics. There seems to be a shared value-system, transcending political standpoints, which helps people accept the idea of usingpublic funds to meet ordinary human needs such as financial support for students.

著者

橋本 義郎 玉井 久実代 木村 全邦 ハシモト ヨシロウ タマイ クミヨ キムラ マサクニ Hashimoto Yoshiro Tamai Kumiyo Kimura Masakuni

出版者

大阪国際大学

雑誌

国際研究論叢 = OIU journal of international studies : 大阪国際大学・大阪国際大学短期大学部紀要 (ISSN:09153586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.47-63, 2015-03

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In order to find out how an eco-tour in a primeval forest affects the stress levels, perceived physical condition and feelings of the participants, the authors implemented an experimental tour in Suigenchinomori, a primeval forest in Kawakami Village in Nara Prefecture. Results indicated changes in the participants' stress levels and subjective physical condition through the course of the tour. The stress levels of the participants increased on average while their perceived physical condition and feelings became better during the tour as a whole. This means that the average perceived physical condition and feeling at the second and the third measuring points were better than at the first measuring point at the beginning of the tour. Examining the changes between the three measuring points in detail, for individuals, the following facts were found. (1) Between the first and second points, 12 participants out of 14 felt better. And one stayed at the highest point on the measuring scale. One participant felt worse. Physical condition also became better in 12 participants, worse in one, and stayed at the highest point of the scale in another. (2) Between the second and the third points, feelings became worse in 11 participants and in the other three stayed at the same level. Physical condition became better in half of the participants and stayed at the same level in the other half.

著者

橋本 義郎 玉井 久実代 木村 全邦 ハシモト ヨシロウ タマイ クミヨ キムラ マサクニ Yoshiro Hashimoto Kumiyo Tamai Masakuni Kimura

雑誌

国際研究論叢 : 大阪国際大学紀要 = OIU journal of international studies

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.59-72, 2013-01-31

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In order to find out how an eco-tour in a primeval forest affects the stress, perceived physical condition and feeling of the participants, the authors organized a tour to Suigenchinomori, a primeval forest in Kawakami Village, Nara Prefecture. Results indicate changes in the participants’ stress, perceived physical condition and feeling during the tour. These three variables were measured at three points on the route. The stress of the participants decreased on average during the tour from the first to the second point, whereas from the second to the third point it increased. At the individual level the stress of two participants increased and that of the other four decreased. From the second to the third point it increased on average. At the individual level it increased with two participants and decreased with three participants, staying the same for one case. The authors plan to improve the research design based on these result, and continue the same kind of tours in order to collect more data, performing not only statistical tests to determine any general effects but also qualitative examinations on individual differences.