著者

齋田 哲也 中野 行孝 藤戸 博 宮﨑 翼 進 正志

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.7, pp.423-429, 2013-07-10 (Released:2014-07-10)

参考文献数

17

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Recently, six furanocoumarin derivatives isolated from grapefruit juice were found to be inhibitors of CYP3A4, suggesting that they may be clinically active and useful constituents. We succeeded in developing a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for these furanocoumarin derivatives in grapefruit juice.In this study, we examined the correlation between immunoactivity as indicated by ELISA and CYP3A4 inhibitory effects, in order to determine whether ELISA is a useful method for analysis of the CYP3A4-inhibitory activity of furanocoumarin derivatives. Our results show a close correlation between the values. Therefore, our findings strongly indicate that ELISA is a useful method for analysis of these furanocoumarins.Using this ELISA, grapefruit-derived products (grapefruit juice, jam and marmalade) were examined for furanocoumarin derivatives. Immunoactivity analysis was used to determine the amount of 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin conversion. The amount of 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin conversion was 13.0 μg/g with grapefruit juice, 40.0 μg/g with grapefruit marmalade and 1.7 μg/g with grapefruit jam. In addition, it was found that the heat treatment of grapefruit juice decreases the immunoactivity as indicated by ELISA and the CYP3A4-inhibitory activity. Moreover, the decreasing rate of the CYP3A4-inhibitory activity was lower than that of the immunoactivity as indicated by ELISA. Therefore, when the heat-treating grapefruit-derived products were analyzed by the ELISA, it was suggested that the CYP3A4-inhibitory activity might be estimated low. These findings will become indexes of the drug interaction of grapefruit-derived products.

著者

横尾 広美 江本 晶子 中野 行孝 藤戸 博

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.182-188, 2013-03-10 (Released:2014-03-10)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 1

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Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (ST) is used in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) infection today. However, the relevance of dosing regimens of ST and the preventive effect have not yet been clarified. Therefore, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who had been treated with ST for the prevention of PCP at Saga University Hospital to investigate the rates and the types of adverse events, and analyzed the factors influencing the adverse events.We compared group A (2 tablets twice-weekly) and group B (1 tablet once-daily). As a result of multivariate analysis and the relationship between background factors (age, sex, doses, concomitant drugs) and adverse events, the incidence of adverse events in group A was significantly lower than in group B (Odds ratio = 6.185, 95% confidence intervals 1.128-33.900, P = 0.036). However, there was no difference in the prophylactic effects of PCP between the two groups.In conclusion, ST should be reduced or discontinued early before adverse events develop, when selecting an ST regimen of 1 tablet once-daily as PCP prophylaxis.