文献一覧: 大島正二 (著者)

5 0 0 0 OA 晋書音義音韻考

著者: 大島正二
出版者: 東洋文庫
雑誌: 東洋学報 = The Toyo Gakuho
巻号頁・発行日: vol.56, no.2~4, pp.310-342, 1975-03

The present paper is the report of a part of the investigation on the Chin-shu-yin-i (the Phonetic Glosses to the Chronide of the Chin Dynasty) by Ho Ch’ao 何超 (ca. 740 A. D.). This investigation forms a part of the writer’s main study on the phonology of Chinese of the T’ang Dynasty together with the previous studies of the writer on the phonetic glosses in the Han-shu 漢書, the Chi-chiu-p’ien 急就篇, and both the So-yin 索隠, and the Chêng-i 正義 Commentaries of the Shih-chi 史記 which were already published, including a study on the Hou-han-shu-yin-i 後漢書音義 (the Phonetic Glosses to the Chronicle of the Later Han Dynasty) which will appear soon.After having made clear the phonological peculiarities on the basis of the analysis of the phonetic glosses, the writer has pointed out in this paper that the Chin-shu-yin-i has incorporated some phonetic modifications which had been produced or were in progress during the T’ang Dynasty into the basic system of the Ch’ieh-yün 切韻 (601 A. D.) that is supposed to have remained as the authority of the reading of the Chinese characters throughout the reign of the T’ang Dynasty. Further,the writer corroborates his hypothesis that besides the norm of the Ch’ieh-yün another tradition of reading was maintained exclusively among the T’ang scholars (cf. S. ȎSHIMA, “A Phonological Study on the So-yin and the Chêng-i Commentaries to the Shih-chi”, the Tōyō Gakuhō Vol. 55, No. 3, 1972), since the phon6logical peculiarities reflected in the Chin-shu-yin-i are identical in nature with those found in the So-yin Commentary (between 719 and 736 A. D.) and the Chêng-i Commentary (736 A. D.), both of which were compiled practically at the same time as the Chin-shu-yin-yi was written. It can be added that the phonological peculiarities reflected in Yen Shih-ku 顔師古’s Han-shu-yin-i 漢書音義 (641 A. D.) and Chi-chiu p’ien-chu 急就篇注 (between 627 and 644 A. D.) support this supposition. (cf. S. ȎSHIMA, “A Study on the Finals of Yen Shih-ku’s Phonetic Glosses to the Han-shu”, the Gengo-Kenkyū, Vol. 59, 1971; S. ȎSHIMA, “A Study on the Phonetic Glosses in Yen Shih-ku’s Commentary on the Chi-chiu-p’ien”, the Memoirs of the Faculty of Letters of the Hokkaidō University, Vol. 22, No. 1, 1974).The writer also touches in this paper on the methodology of a phonetic history based on fragmentary sources like the phonetic glosses. According to the writer, aberrant readings appearing in fragmentary sources such as found in the phonetic glosses do not always reflect the results of real phonetic changes, but may show the traditional readings as they were orally transmitted from teachers to their disciples. Therefore, these two should be clearly distinguished for a careful observation. For the purpose, the writer believes, a comparative study between all the phonetic commentaries is necessary besides the “projection” method in the treatment of phonetic glosses in one phonetic commentary, (i. e. the method intended to find out divergences between the system of the Ch’ieh-yü and that of the phonetic commentary in question, by projecting the reading of a certain character on the system of the Ch’ieh-yün). The writer pays attention to this idea by citing concrete examples and waits for a further study in future.