著者

外山 信男 大渡 久行

出版者

公益社団法人日本生物工学会

雑誌

醗酵工學雑誌 (ISSN:03675963)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.11, pp.830-834, 1966-11-25

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Various components in gree tea leaves such as amino acids, carbchydrates, tannin, caffeine, saponin and aroma are thought to be included within the cells. The cell wall consisting mainly of cellulose is capable of being degraded with a cellulase preparation derived from the mold Trichoderma viride. These cells adhere to each other with protopectin which can be decomposed with a cell separating enzyme derived from the mold Rhizopus sp. An attempt to produce economically instant green tea powder was made by the use of these two enzyme preparations.Manufacutred green tea leaves were degraded readily, except for the stalks and veins, by the treatment using an enzyme solution composed of cell separating enzyme and cellulase by a ratio of 1 : 1 by weight. After squeezing using gauze, dark greenish and fragrant hydrolyzate and residue consisting of stalks and veins were obtained. The hydrolyzate could be separated by centrifuging into supernatant and unicells. The supernatant including tea components 2 to 3 times as large in yield as usual infusi on method was freeze-dried, spray-dried or air-dried at 40℃ in the presence of appropriate supplements such as soluble starch. Unicellular green tea leaves also containing tea components were dried under the same conditions and was able to be used as a manufactured green tea. It was also adequate for mixing with other foods.For exmple, 150g of Sen-cha, the tea most used in Japan, was stirred with 1000ml of enzyme solution including both enzyme preparations at a 0.6 percent concentration. at 40℃, 300rpm for 2hr. The yield of soluble matter was 32.9 percent and the yield of freeze-dried unicells was 8.4 percent. Consequently, 95.4g of the green tea powder containing 40g of soluble starch and 6g of enzyme preparations which was dried at 40℃ under ventilation was obtained.