著者

家守 伸正 青野 貞二 黒川 晴正 伴野 睦雄

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.1191, pp.315-323, 1987-05-25 (Released:2011-07-13)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 1

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Two adjustable parameters, namely the oxygen efficiency and the “imperfect combustion ratio” of the furnace charge, were introduced into an equilibrium calculation program developed by Goto. In order to calculate the weights of matte and slag more accurately, all the other elements which are not incorporated in Goto's program were treated as one component. The overall pyrometallurgical reaction in a copper flash smelting furnace was analyzed by the modified program.The results obtained are summarized as follows:(1) The important elemental compositions calculated for matte, slag and gas phases were in good agreement with the values of chemical analyses by setting the oxygen efficiency so that the experimental and calculated matte grades are equal.(2) In the case of the magnetite content of the slag, however, the analyzed values were much larger than the calculated ones. The re-evaluation of the activity coefficient of magnetite in slag brought a relatively good agreement although the analyzed values were still larger by about 3% than the calulated ones.(3) The measured oxygen pressures were 2 times as high as the calculated ones, and this result shows the same trend as the magnetite content of the slag. These results may imply that the magnetite and hematite which are contained in the furnace charge and/or formed in the upper zone of the reaction shaft are absorbed by the slag to a greater extent than the equilibrium content.(4) If the performance of the concentrate-burner is not adequate, the calculated temperature will be higher than the measured one. This temperature difference was explained to some extent by evaluating the “imperfect combustion ratio” of the furnace charge.

著者

黒川 晴正 家守 伸正

出版者

The Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan

雑誌

資源と素材 : 資源・素材学会誌 : journal of the Mining and Materials Processing Institute of Japan (ISSN:09161740)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, no.2, pp.55-60, 2003-02-25

被引用文献数

1 3

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Oxygen probes were applied to a PS converter in copper-making operation, and the oxygen pressures of white metal and blister copper in the converter were measured through the converter's mouth and through a tuyere, respectively. Based on the obtained results, the following reaction mechanism has been deduced.<BR>(1) The copper-making stage of a PS converter may be classified into three stages, i.e. the early substage where the tuyeres are completely in white metal, the intermediate substage where both phases of white metal and blister copper coexist in the converter and the tuyeres are in the blister copper, and the final substage where the white metal has disappeared from the converter.<BR>(2) In the early stage, direct oxidation of white metal by oxygen gas contained in the reaction air progresses in the vicinity of the tuyeres.<BR>Cu₂S(<i>l</i>) + O₂(<i>g</i>) = 2Cu(<i>l</i>) + SO₂(<i>g</i>) …………… (1)<BR>(3) In the intermediate substage, the following three reactions proceed near the tuyeres, at the interface of blister copper and white metal phases, and in the bulk of the blister copper, respectively.<BR>O₂(<i>g</i>) = 2<u>O</u>(<i>l</i>) …………… (2)<BR>Cu₂S(<i>l</i>) = 2Cu(<i>l</i>) + <u>S</u>(<i>l</i>) …………… (3)<BR><u>S</u>(<i>l</i>) + 2<u>O</u>(<i>l</i>) = SO₂(<i>g</i>) …………… (4)<BR>Here the most important factor is that reaction(4) progresses under the condition of <i>P</i>_SO₂=1atm. It is not dependent on how high the SO₂ pressure of the waste gas from the converter is. Because the condense phases, i.e. the white metal and blister copper phases, are not in equilibrium with the gas phase.<BR>(4) In the final substage, reactions(2) and (4) only proceed because the white metal is no longer in the converter. Some of the blister copper can be excessively oxidized to the extent that Cu₂O(<i>s</i>) is formed according to equation(5). However the final degree of oxidation of the whole blister copper does not reach this level.<BR>2Cu(<i>l</i>) + 1 / 2 O₂(<i>g</i>) = Cu₂O(<i>s</i>) …………… (5)