著者

山崎 澄江

出版者

土地制度史学会(現 政治経済学・経済史学会)

雑誌

土地制度史学 (ISSN:04933567)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.17-32, 1999-04-20 (Released:2017-12-30)

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As the days of high economic growth started, the locations of heavy and chemical industries concentrated on developed industrial zones in coastal areas which had been equipped with industrial infrastructures. As a result, serious problems were caused. One is the regional disparity like income gap, over-urbanization, depopulation of rural areas, and so forth. Other is the shortage of industrial site, water, labor in developed industrial areas. To solve these problems, the government introduced "New Industrialize Area Project" as the first regional development policy based on the synthetic national land planning in Japan. New Industrialize Area Project, to narrow the regional disparity, aimed to invite the growing industries to "Industrialize Area" strategically, through providing large-scale infrastructures as inexpensive as possible. The Project was realized in the context of various interests among the central government, the local governments, the enterprises. This paper discusses how the parties concerned -paying special attention to the local governments-adjust their interests, and what position they took in the process of the Project. Since the regional disparity had been very serious problem, most of the local governments especially in backward regions would take part in New Industrialize Area Project actively. Though the local government's plan was restricted by the national land planning and the private investment plan, the local governments negotiated with the central government about increase of the Industrialize Areas, the subsidies, the strategic industries, and they tried to get the most advantages they could. Their positive attitude led to keen competition for designation as the Industrialize Areas, invitation of the heavy and chemical industries, and it was just the power to push forward with the Project. The petroleum-based industries and the steel industry which most of the areas had desired to invite, located in only a few favorable areas, but, the other areas also succeeded in attracting various industries which was the labor-intensive industries like the machine industry, the light industries, and the regional disparity was getting narrow gradually. Thus, the regional development policy which have provided large-scale and inexpensive infrastructure making use of the regional gap, was appropriate policy in the middle of the high economic growth.