著者
渡名喜 庸哲
出版者
立教大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2020-04-01

本研究は「脱人間化」社会における「責任」概念の変容を、以下の4側面から検討する。①社会思想史的アプローチとして、F・エヴァルドをもとに近代的社会制度の展開における「責任」概念の変容を検討する。②政治哲学的アプローチとして、全体主義体制および原爆投下をめぐるH・アーレントとG・アンダースの思想を検討する。③現象学的アプローチとして、E・レヴィナスの現象学的哲学における「責任=応答可能性」概念を実践的な文脈へと接続しうるかたちで検討しなおす。④応用倫理的アプローチにより、AI開発における人間の行為の代替化に伴う「責任」の変容を検討する。
著者
渡名喜 庸哲
出版者
京都ユダヤ思想学会
雑誌
京都ユダヤ思想 (ISSN:21862273)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, pp.43-62, 2015-06-15 (Released:2022-10-24)

Born in 1906 in Lithuania, Emmanuel Levinas became a naturalized citizen of France in 1930. Soon after the World War II started, the philosopher, who followed the French army as interpreter, was arrested by Nazi-Germans and detained in several prisoners' camps. The notebooks, which he wrote through this internment experience, have been published recently as part of the first volume of Works of Emmanuel Levinas. The present article seeks to clarify the potential of these notes, which enables to reexamine the project Levinas had deepened from the beginning of his career to, at least, his magnum opus of 1961, Totality and Infinity.It is discussed firstly that at that period Levinas tried to build his own philosophy of “Jewish being”, by appropriating (sometimes critically) Heidegger's ontology and Rosenzweig's Jewish thought, as well as by turning his attention to some “Hitlerian philosophies”. The influence of literature cannot be omitted for the development of his thought.Among these themes, this article focuses on the plan Levinas has showed in order to explain his own philosophical “system”. According to this plan, his philosophy should propose finally a new concept of “time”, which will appear through the “erotic relation” and the “dialectics of salvation” that consists in rendering “non-definitive” the “definitive” character of the existence of “ego”. From the analysis of the “Notebooks in captivity”, we show that these points of view prepare the very thought Levinas develops after the war and make more comprehensible some enigmatical conceptions treated especially in the final part of Totality and Infinity, such as ambiguity of eros, achievement of the desire, felix culpa, etc.