著者

越智重明

雑誌

東洋学報 / The Toyo Gakuho

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.3, pp.163-191, 1992-03

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During the later Han period, in relation to the scale, a family clan had influenced the village community or officialdom, but hereditary family customs were still unformed and unreliable. Moreover, as the basis of a family structure, commonly married couples in daily life had children who were economically independent. In other words, they were small groups of tightly knit blood relatives. Furthermore, due to the distribution of family property, if direct line of descent was succeeded, there would be decreases in family property if the same method was to be used. Due to this situation, powerful clans held slaves, and tenant farmers were usurped, on the other hand personal property was constructively collected from the opposite sex and other clans to maintain the influential powers within the village community. This became the claim to fame, and referred as Chin and Yi. This relationship of personal kindness and gratitude became an essentia1 basis for powerful clans to maintain their influence during the later Han period. On the other hand, a necessity for maintaining personal property remained thus, a "mechanism" for allocating personal property remained with the Chin and Yi, therefore the definition cannot be accepted as commonly stated.