著者

高瀬 文武

出版者

耳鼻と臨床会

雑誌

耳鼻と臨床 (ISSN:04477227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.Supplement1, pp.52-75, 1966 (Released:2013-05-10)

参考文献数

46

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Studies of the pharynx and soft palate, in connection with respiration, deglutition or articulation, have been greatly performed from the viewpoint of comparative anatomy or embryology; however, there are few topographic studies on the pharynx of the human adults. For this reason, the author investigated, macroscopically in principle and histologically in part, of the muscular, vascular and nervous system in both pharyngeal wall and soft palate, and considered physiological functions of the pharynx on the basis of the results obtained. Then a schematic diagram of the pharynx has been established from the anatomico-surgical point of view.Either the tongue, pharynx and larynx isolated en masse from the reserved 45 cadavers or the capital and cervical portions isolated in the mass from 2 cadavers were the material for the study. These materials were cut sagittally, and the states of blood vessels, nerves and muscles were observed from the inner surface of the pharynx under binocular stereomicroscope (10×, 24×and 60×). The results are as follows.1. It is concluded that Passavant's ridge is an elevation of the mucous membrane of the posterior pharyngeal wall produced by the contraction of the superficial portion of M. palatopharyngeus.2. In plastic surgery for cleft palate, a breaking of the hook of the pterygoid process in addition to a sufficient detachment of its basal portion may be necessary for decreasing the mechanical tension in the palatal region.3. In palato-pharyngoplasty (Schonborn-Rosenthal's method ), the superior based pharyngeal flap is significantly more effective in preventing atrophy than that from the inferior based pharyngeal flap, taking account of the site of entrance of blood vessels, because in the former not only the acquisition of the transplant with a stalk is easier but preservation of the blood vessels is better.