- 著者
- Chika Honda Kaoru Ohkawa Hiroaki Kusano Hiroshi Teramura Hiroaki Shimada
- 出版者
- Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology
- 雑誌
- Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.38, no.1, pp.153-156, 2021-03-25 (Released:2021-03-25)
- 参考文献数
- 8
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Tomato transformation is conventionally performed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-infected cotyledons. Here, we propose a simple procedure for tomato transformation, by which A. tumefaciens cells were smeared onto floral buds of a tomato plant using a paintbrush. Sufficient numbers of fruits were obtained from them, although the smearing of an excess number of A. tumefaciens cells led to an adverse effect on the plant growth. Progeny plants were screened by growth on a kanamycin-containing selection medium plate. The nptII gene was detected in 10 plants among 1,599 progenies. These transformants were derived from fruits other than those obtained from the smeared buds. This suggested that A. tumefaciens cells moved to the buds located near the smeared buds and caused the transformation event. Our findings suggest that this procedure can be used for the introduction of a foreign gene into plant cells.
- 著者
- Soshiro Ogata Kenji Kato Chika Honda Kazuo Hayakawa
- 出版者
- Japan Epidemiological Association
- 雑誌
- Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.24, no.1, pp.31-38, 2014-01-05 (Released:2014-01-05)
- 参考文献数
- 36
- 被引用文献数
- 11 13
Background: It is important to detect cognitive decline at an early stage, especially before onset of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Processing speed and working memory are aspects of cognitive function that are associated with cognitive decline. Hand strength is an inexpensive, easily measurable indicator of cognitive decline. However, associations between hand strength, processing speed, and working memory have not been studied. In addition, the genetic and environmental structure of the association between hand strength and cognitive decline is unclear. We investigated phenotypic associations between hand strength, processing speed, and working memory and examined the genetic and environmental structure of the associations between phenotypes.Methods: Hand strength, processing speed (digit symbol performance), and working memory (digit span performance) were examined in monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify phenotypic associations, and structural equation modeling was used to investigate the genetic and environmental structure of the association.Results: Generalized estimating equations showed that hand strength was phenotypically associated with digit symbol performance but not with digit span performance. Structural equation modeling showed that common genetic factors influenced hand strength and digit symbol and digit span performance.Conclusions: There was a phenotypic association between hand strength and processing speed. In addition, some genetic factors were common to hand strength, processing speed, and working memory.