- 著者
- Hideki Nagase Kei-ichi Enjyoji Midori Shima Kenji Kitazato Akira Yoshioka Hidehiko Saito Hisao Kato
- 出版者
- The Japanese Biochemical Society
- 雑誌
- The Journal of Biochemistry (ISSN:0021924X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.119, no.1, pp.63-69, 1996 (Released:2008-11-18)
- 参考文献数
- 37
Our previous study has shown that depolymerized holothurian glycosaminoglycan (DHG) has two different inhibitory activities in the blood coagulation cascade: heparin cofactor II-dependent thrombin inhibition; and antithrombin III- and heparin cofactor II-independent inhibition of the intrinsic factor Xase complex [Nagase et al. (1995) Blood 85, 1527-1534]. In the present study, the effect of DHG on the activation of factor VIII and factor V by thrombin was examined with purified human components. DHG inhibited the activation of factor VIII by thrombin at concentrations exceeding 80nM, but not the activation of factor V by thrombin at concentrations of up to 8μM. On Western blot analysis, DHG inhibited the cleavage of factor VIII light chain at concentrations exceeding 0.8μM. The interaction between DHG and factors VIII and V and thrombin was examined with a DHG-cellulofine column. DHG had strong affinity for factor V and thrombin, but slight affinity for factor VIII. The interaction of DHG with thrombin was analyzed, using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled DHG. One mole of DHG bound 2mol of thrombin, with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 3.04×10-6M. These results suggest that DHG interferes with the interaction between thrombin and factor VIII, probably by making a binary complex through the anionic binding exosite II of thrombin.
- 著者
- Hidehiko Saito Tadasu K. Yamada Yuko Tajima
- 出版者
- National Museum of Nature and Sciece
- 雑誌
- 国立科学博物館研究報告A類(動物学) (ISSN:18819052)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.47, no.3, pp.135-155, 2021-08-20 (Released:2021-08-20)
- 参考文献数
- 59
The right forelimb of a western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) was dissected with particular attention to the motor function of fingers of this species. The anatomical structure of the forearm and hand of our specimen of gorilla is not much different from that of the human. The palmar aponeurosis is absent. Ligamentous fibers, instead, extend to the palm from the flexor retinaculum to form the ligamentous septa along the flexor tendons. The short thumb seems to be carefully calculated to fulfill both roles of locomotion and feeding. The underdeveloped flexor pollicis longus muscle bifurcates from the flexor digitorum profundus muscle of the index finger. The extensor indicis is also underdeveloped; its tendon does not reach the index finger but attaches to the wrist. The extensor apparatus of the fingers composed of both the extrinsic and intrinsic systems is as well developed as in the human hand. During knuckle walking with the metacarpophalangeal joints in extension and the proximal interphalangeal joints in deep flexion, the former joint of each finger seems to be stabilized with integrated functions of the finger extensor, interosseous and lumbrical muscles, and sagittal bands as well as the groove at the metacarpal head. The ulnar antebrachial branch of the median nerve with a fine motor communicating branch from the ulnar nerve innervates the ulnar intrinsic muscles of the hand, which are innervated by the deep branch of the ulnar nerve in the human.