- 著者
- Koji Noshita Hidekazu Murata Shiryu Kirie
- 出版者
- Japanese Society of Breeding
- 雑誌
- Breeding Science (ISSN:13447610)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.21078, (Released:2022-02-17)
- 被引用文献数
- 3
The morphological traits of plants contribute to many important functional features such as radiation interception, lodging tolerance, gas exchange efficiency, spatial competition between individuals and/or species, and disease resistance. Although the importance of plant phenotyping techniques is increasing with advances in molecular breeding strategies, there are barriers to its advancement, including the gap between measured data and phenotypic values, low quantitativity, and low throughput caused by the lack of models for representing morphological traits. In this review, we introduce morphological descriptors that can be used for phenotyping plant morphological traits. Geometric morphometric approaches pave the way to a general-purpose method applicable to single units. Hierarchical structures composed of an indefinite number of multiple elements, which is often observed in plants, can be quantified in terms of their multi-scale topological characteristics using topological data analysis. Theoretical morphological models capture specific anatomical structures, if recognized. These morphological descriptors provide us with the advantages of model-based plant phenotyping, including robust quantification of limited datasets. Moreover, we discuss the future possibilities that a system of model-based measurement and model refinement would solve the lack of morphological models and the difficulties in scaling out the phenotyping processes.
- 著者
- Hirotaka Asai Takayuki Tanaka Hidekazu Murata Eiji Rokuta
- 出版者
- The Japan Society of Vacuum and Surface Science
- 雑誌
- e-Journal of Surface Science and Nanotechnology (ISSN:13480391)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, pp.131-142, 2021-12-28 (Released:2021-12-28)
- 参考文献数
- 47
The surface diffusion method was used to produce tungsten (W) nanopyramids coated with monolayer films of platinum (Pt) and gold (Au). Although the general structures of the nanopyramids were the same, the top of the nanopyramids was different from the Pt and Au cases, i.e., a monomer was observed for Pt, whereas a trimer observed for Au. The effects of simultaneous heating and the electric field on the structural evolution of nanopyramids were also studied. We observed that the broken nanopyramids were rapidly regenerated by heating in an electric field. The opening angles of field-emitted electrons were found to be approximately ±2° and ±2.5° for Pt and Au, respectively. From the obtained results, it was observed that the field-emission properties of all specimens were almost the same.