著者

Ryota Sakurai Hisashi Kawai Hiroyuki Suzuki Susumu Ogawa Hunkyung Kim Yutaka Watanabe Hirohiko Hirano Kazushige Ihara Shuichi Obuchi Yoshinori Fujiwara

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180162, (Released:2018-12-08)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

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Background: Considering the rate of growth of the older population in several countries, accidental falls in older cyclists are expected to increase. However, the prevalence and correlates of bicycle-related falls (BR-falls) are unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the characteristics of BR-falls, focusing on the risk factors.Methods: Seven-hundred and ninety-one older adults participated in a comprehensive baseline assessment that included questions on bicycle use, BR-falls, lifestyle, and physical and cognitive evaluations. A cyclist was defined as a person who cycled at least a few times per month. The incidence of BR-falls in participants who did not report BR-falls at baseline was again ascertained 3 years later. Logistic regression analyses examined the predictors of BR-falls incidence.Results: At baseline, 395 older adults were cyclists and 45 (11.4%) of them had experienced BR-falls. Adjusted regression analysis showed that slower gait velocity, shorter one-leg standing time, and experience of falls (ie, non-BR-falls) were associated with BR-falls. Among the 214 cyclists who did not report BR-falls at baseline and who participated in both baseline and follow-up assessments, 35 (16.4%) cyclists experienced BR-falls during the 3-year follow-up. Adjusted regression analysis revealed that higher body mass index and non-BR-falls were predictors of future incidence of BR-falls, independent of physical function.Conclusions: Our results showed that experience of falls, irrespective of bicycling, is an independent correlate and risk factor of BR-falls. This suggests that experience of falls and BR-falls may share the same risk factors.

著者

Yuko Tokudome Keiko Okumura Yoshiko Kumagai Hirohiko Hirano Hunkyung Kim Shiho Morishita Yutaka Watanabe

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.11, pp.524-530, 2017 (Released:2017-10-05)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

29

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Background: Because few Japanese questionnaires assess the elderly's appetite, there is an urgent need to develop an appetite questionnaire with verified reliability, validity, and reproducibility.Methods: We translated and back-translated the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ), which has eight items, into Japanese (CNAQ-J), as well as the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ-J), which includes four CNAQ-J-derived items. Using structural equation modeling, we examined the CNAQ-J structure based on data of 649 Japanese elderly people in 2013, including individuals having a certain degree of cognitive impairment, and we developed the SNAQ for the Japanese elderly (SNAQ-JE) according to an exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analyses on the appetite questionnaires were conducted to probe fitting to the model. We computed Cronbach's α coefficients and criterion-referenced/-related validity figures examining associations of the three appetite battery scores with body mass index (BMI) values and with nutrition-related questionnaire values. Test–retest reproducibility of appetite tools was scrutinized over an approximately 2-week interval.Results: An exploratory factor analysis demonstrated that the CNAQ-J was constructed of one factor (appetite), yielding the SNAQ-JE, which includes four questions derived from the CNAQ-J. The three appetite instruments showed almost equivalent fitting to the model and reproducibility. The CNAQ-J and SNAQ-JE demonstrated satisfactory reliability and significant criterion-referenced/-related validity values, including BMIs, but the SNAQ-J included a low factor-loading item, exhibited less satisfactory reliability and had a non-significant relationship to BMI.Conclusions: The CNAQ-J and SNAQ-JE may be applied to assess the appetite of Japanese elderly, including persons with some cognitive impairment.

著者

Ryota Sakurai Hisashi Kawai Hideyo Yoshida Taro Fukaya Hiroyuki Suzuki Hunkyung Kim Hirohiko Hirano Kazushige Ihara Shuichi Obuchi Yoshinori Fujiwara

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20150017, (Released:2016-02-20)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

20

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Background: The health benefits of bicycling in older adults with mobility limitation (ML) are unclear. We investigated ML and functional capacity of older cyclists by evaluating their instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), intellectual activity, and social function.Methods: On the basis of interviews, 614 community-dwelling older adults (after excluding 63 participants who never cycled) were classified as cyclists with ML, cyclists without ML, non-cyclists with ML (who ceased bicycling due to physical difficulties), or non-cyclists without ML (who ceased bicycling for other reasons). A cyclist was defined as a person who cycled at least a few times per month, and ML was defined as difficulty walking 1 km or climbing stairs without using a handrail. Functional capacity and physical ability were evaluated by standardized tests.Results: Regular cycling was documented in 399 participants, and 74 of them (18.5%) had ML; among non-cyclists, 49 had ML, and 166 did not. Logistic regression analysis for evaluating the relationship between bicycling and functional capacity revealed that non-cyclists with ML were more likely to have reduced IADL and social function compared to cyclists with ML. However, logistic regression analysis also revealed that the risk of bicycle-related falls was significantly associated with ML among older cyclists.Conclusions: The ability and opportunity to bicycle may prevent reduced IADL and social function in older adults with ML, although older adults with ML have a higher risk of falls during bicycling. It is important to develop a safe environment for bicycling for older adults.

著者

Kento Umeki Yutaka Watanabe Hirohiko Hirano

出版者

日本大学松戸歯学部 口腔科学研究所

雑誌

International Journal of Oral-Medical Sciences (ISSN:13479733)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3-4, pp.152-159, 2017-03-10 (Released:2017-03-27)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

6

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Maintenance and improvement of masticatory function in nursing care elderly persons (NC) is an important issue, and it is speculated that sarcopenia is related to declining masticatory function. The decrease in skeletal muscle index(SMI), a major diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia, has been reported to be associated with swallowing function in NC.However, the relationship between SMI and masticatory function is unknown. Therefore,we investigated the relationship between masseter muscle thickness(MMT)and SMI, with the aim of examining the specific relationship between decreased masticatory function and sarcopenia in NC. MMT and SMI were measured by ultrasonography and bioelectrical impedance analysis in 275 NC participants in Omori Town, Yokote City, Akita Prefecture in the Tohoku region in Japan. Cognitive functions measured from all participants using questionnaire. Participants were classified into low-MMT or high-MMT group based on the median of each of MMT, and SMI and related items in each gender. In addition, to examine the factors related to MMT, logistic regression analysis was conducted by entering age,sex, SMI, nutrition status, severity of dementia, and other items as explanatory variables and MMT as objective variable. SMI in high-MMT group were significantly higher than low-MMT group(high-MMT: 4.8±1.4 kg/m2, low-MMT: 4.4±1.4 kg/m2, P=0.010).Furthermore, logistic regression analysis indicated that SMI were significantly associated with a MMT(Odds Ratio=0.83, 95% Confidence Interval=0.69-0.99, P=0.049). Our result suggested that the mass of the masseter muscles decreased with NC due to sarcopenia, possibly contributing to a decrease in masticatory function.

著者

Ryota Sakurai Hisashi Kawai Hideyo Yoshida Taro Fukaya Hiroyuki Suzuki Hunkyung Kim Hirohiko Hirano Kazushige Ihara Shuichi Obuchi Yoshinori Fujiwara

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.6, pp.307-314, 2016-06-05 (Released:2016-06-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

20

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Background: The health benefits of bicycling in older adults with mobility limitation (ML) are unclear. We investigated ML and functional capacity of older cyclists by evaluating their instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), intellectual activity, and social function.Methods: On the basis of interviews, 614 community-dwelling older adults (after excluding 63 participants who never cycled) were classified as cyclists with ML, cyclists without ML, non-cyclists with ML (who ceased bicycling due to physical difficulties), or non-cyclists without ML (who ceased bicycling for other reasons). A cyclist was defined as a person who cycled at least a few times per month, and ML was defined as difficulty walking 1 km or climbing stairs without using a handrail. Functional capacity and physical ability were evaluated by standardized tests.Results: Regular cycling was documented in 399 participants, and 74 of them (18.5%) had ML; among non-cyclists, 49 had ML, and 166 did not. Logistic regression analysis for evaluating the relationship between bicycling and functional capacity revealed that non-cyclists with ML were more likely to have reduced IADL and social function compared to cyclists with ML. However, logistic regression analysis also revealed that the risk of bicycle-related falls was significantly associated with ML among older cyclists.Conclusions: The ability and opportunity to bicycle may prevent reduced IADL and social function in older adults with ML, although older adults with ML have a higher risk of falls during bicycling. It is important to develop a safe environment for bicycling for older adults.