- 著者
- Hideki Tani Noriko Inasaki Shunsuke Yazawa Takahisa Shimada Yumiko Saga Hiroyasu Kaya Yumiko Maruyama Sadaya Matano Hiroyuki Itoh Tatsuhiko Kashii Emiko Yamazaki Masae Itamochi Kazunori Oishi
- 出版者
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases
- 雑誌
- Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.JJID.2023.100, (Released:2023-05-31)
- 参考文献数
- 12
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Breakthrough infection (BI) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has exploded owing to the emergence of various SARS-CoV-2 variants and has become a major problem at present. In this study, we analyzed the epidemiological information and possession status of neutralizing antibodies in patients with BI using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses (SARS-CoV-2pv). Analysis of 44 specimens diagnosed with COVID-19 after two or more vaccinations showed high inhibition of infection by 90% or more against the Wuhan strain and the Alpha and Delta variants of pseudotyped viruses in 40 specimens. In contrast, almost no neutralizing activity was observed against the Omicron BA.1 variant. Many cases without neutralizing activity or BI were immunosuppressed individuals. The results of this study show that contact with an infected person can result in BI even when there are sufficient neutralizing antibodies in the blood. Thus, even after vaccination, sufficient precautions must be taken to prevent infection.
- 著者
- Hiroyasu Kaya Jun Ozaki Hirokazu Okumura
- 出版者
- The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
- 雑誌
- Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.0269-17, (Released:2018-03-09)
- 参考文献数
- 22
- 被引用文献数
- 4
Objective This study retrospectively evaluated fungal dissemination due to hospital reconstruction and explored effective methods of predicting an outbreak. Methods Patients suspected of having invasive aspergillosis were tested for Aspergillus galactomannan antigen before and after reconstruction, and the mean values of three months of testing for positive patients were determined. The characteristics of patients with aspergillosis during this period were also assessed. Results Forty-five patients were positive for Aspergillus antigen (>0.5 cut-off index) from January 2013 to December 2014. Mean Aspergillus antigen values significantly increased following reconstruction (p<0.05). Three patients developed pneumonia due to Aspergillus and were diagnosed with "probable" invasive aspergillosis according to the EORTC/MSG criteria. We also discovered that the anteroom to contain dust was not prefabricated and a negative pressure system to remove dust was not used. After construction of the unit, no new cases of aspergillosis were diagnosed. Conclusion Many Aspergillus spores may be transiently floating during hospital reconstruction. Therefore, monthly surveillance with frequent serum galactomannan antigen testing to predict outbreaks is necessary. Surveillance of all patients in the hematology ward is especially important. Reconsideration of prophylactic antifungals may also be necessary during hospital reconstruction.