著者

Asuka Ito Hideyuki Nushida Hiromitsu Kurata Hitomi Umemoto Hirofumi Iseki Itsuo Tokunaga Akiyoshi Nishimura

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1.2, pp.290-293, 2023 (Released:2023-05-11)

参考文献数

29

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Complete decapitation due to suicide by hanging is rare. We report the case of a decapitated man who was found in the sea near an estuary. A polyethylene rope was tied to the handrail of the bridge across a strait near the site of the body. The rope was 12 mm in diameter and 19 m in length from the handrail. It ended with a slip knot noose, and skin and mustache-like hair fragments were attached to it. The decapitated head was not found. The deceased weighed 82 kg and was 152 cm long without the head. The autopsy revealed coarse abrasions and intramuscular hemorrhage around the severed edge. The third cervical spine was not fractured. We reviewed the literature and suggested the conditions of body weight, fall height, rope diameter, and number of rolls in cases of decapitation by hanging. We calculated the hanging decapitation index (HDI) as the fall height (m) multiplied by the body weight (kg), divided by the rope diameter (mm), divided by the number of rolls ; and discussed the differences between complete and incomplete decapitation cases. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 290-293, February, 2023

著者

Takako GOTOHDA Aki KUWADA Kyoji MORITA Shin-ichi KUBO Itsuo TOKUNAGA

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.223-231, 2000-08-17 (Released:2008-02-21)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

11 12

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Toluene, a commonly used industrial solvent, is known to be toxic to both neuronal and glial cells, and has been shown to increase the immunoreactivity of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in the brain. However, the mechanism of toluene-induced GFAP expression is poorly understood. Recently, GFAP mRNA expression in cultured astrocytes has been shown to be modulated by various steroid hormones, such as progesterone, testosterone, and their 5α-reduced metabolites. Therefore, it seems possible that steroid hormones may play a potential role in the enhancement of GFAP expression observed following toluene exposure. To address this possibility, the effect of toluene inhalation on the expression of mRNAs encoding GFAP and steroidogenic enzymes in rat brain was examined. Toluene exposure increased GFAP protein contents without any significant alteration in GFAP mRNA levels in the hippocampus. In contrast, the elevation of both GFAP protein contents and its mRNA levels was observed in the cerebellum following toluene exposure. Further studies indicated that toluene exposure increased steroid 5α-reductase(5α-R)mRNA levels prior to the elevation of GFAP mRNA in the cerebellum, whereas neither 5α-R nor GFAP mRNA levels in the hippocampus were significantly affected by toluene exposure. These results suggest that toluene inhalation may enhance GFAP gene expression in the rat cerebellum, and propose the possibility that the elevation of 5α-R expression, and hence 5α-reduced metabolites of steroid hormones, is presumably related to toluene-induced GFAP mRNA expression.