- 著者
- Mohammad Ibrahim QASIMI Susumu FUKUZAWA Ken SUENAGA Jun KAMBE Chunmei LI Shozo TOMONAGA Takahiro KAWASE Takamitsu TSUKAHARA Kazuhiko HIRAYAMA Ryo INOUE Yuki YAMAMOTO Kentaro NAGAOKA
- 出版者
- JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
- 雑誌
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.23-0080, (Released:2023-05-03)
L-amino acid oxidase (LAAO) is a metabolic enzyme that converts L-amino acids into ketoacids, ammonia, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The generated H2O2 has previously been shown to have antibacterial and gut microbiota-modulatory properties in LAO1 knock-out (KO) mice. Since most microbial metabolites reach the liver through the portal vein, we examined gut-liver interactions in LAO1 KO mice. We found lower total cholesterol levels, higher glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) levels in the serum, and higher pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in the liver tissue. In wild-type (WT) mice, LAO1 was expressed in gut tissues (ileum and colon). Microbiome analysis revealed that the abundance of some bacteria was altered in LAO1 KO mice. However, short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) levels in cecal feces and gut permeability did not change. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) revealed that feces from LAO1 KO mice slightly stimulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in the liver. During metabolomic analysis, 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) was the only metabolite found to be significantly upregulated in the portal and abdominal veins of the LAO1 KO mice. Intraperitoneal administration of 5-ALA to WT mice significantly increased IL-6 mRNA expression in the liver. These observations suggest that gut LAO1 plays a role in regulating 5-ALA production and that a high level of 5-ALA stimulates the liver to increase pro-inflammatory cytokine expression by disrupting LAO1 in mice.
- 著者
- Jun KAMBE Yu SASAKI Ryo INOUE Shozo TOMONAGA Teruo KINJO Gen WATANABE Wanzhu JIN Kentaro NAGAOKA
- 出版者
- JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
- 雑誌
- Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.20-0190, (Released:2020-04-29)
- 被引用文献数
- 9
The prevention of diseases through health control is essential at zoos. Recently, the gut microbiota, which is an ecosystem consisting of the bacteria living in the digestive tract, has been found to be one of the key systems that mediates animal health. However, there is little basic knowledge about gut microbiota in zoo animals, particularly the relationship between mothers and infants during lactation. Here, we investigated the formation of the gut microbiota during infancy in an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in Okinawa Zoo and compared the composition between infant and mother. In addition, we analyzed the components of breast milk and examined the correlation with the infant gut microbiota. Analysis revealed that the gut microbiota of the infant contained high amount of Lactobacillales and its diversity was relatively low compared to that of the mother. We found several milk components, such as lactose, threonine and estradiol-17β, which showed a positive correlation with the change of Lactobacillales during the lactation period. In conclusion, the present study sheds light on the mechanism of gut microbiota formation during infancy in an Asian elephant and provides important insights into the health control of Asian elephants in zoos.