著者

Keiji Yokoyama Naoaki Tsuchiya Ryo Yamauchi Takashi Miyayama Yotaro Uchida Kumiko Shibata Hiromi Fukuda Kaoru Umeda Kazuhide Takata Takashi Tanaka Shinjiro Inomata Daisuke Morihara Yasuaki Takeyama Satoshi Shakado Shotaro Sakisaka Fumihito Hirai

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.17, pp.2089-2094, 2020-09-01 (Released:2020-09-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

7

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Objective The relationship between gut microbiota and portal hypertension remains unclear. We investigated the characteristics of the gut microbiota in portal hypertension patients with esophago-gastric varices and liver cirrhosis. Methods Thirty-six patients (12 patients with portal hypertension, 12 healthy controls, and 12 non-cirrhosis patients) were enrolled in this university hospital study. Intestinal bacteria and statistical analyses were performed up to the genus level using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism method targeting 16S ribosomal RNA genes, with diversified regions characterizing each bacterium. Results Levels of Lactobacillales were significantly higher (p=0.045) and those of Clostridium cluster IV significantly lower (p=0.014) in patients with portal hypertension than in other patients. This Clostridium cluster contains many butanoic acid-producing strains, including Ruminococcace and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii. Clostridium cluster IX levels were also significantly lower (p=0.045) in portal hypertension patients than in other patients. There are many strains of Clostridium that produce propionic acid, and the effects on the host and the function of these bacterial species in the human intestine remain unknown. Regarding the Bifidobacterium genus, which is supposed to decrease as a result of cirrhosis, no significant decrease was observed in this study. Conclusion In the present study, we provided information on the characteristics of the gut microbiota of portal hypertension patients with esophago-gastric varices due to liver cirrhosis. In the future, we aim to develop probiotic treatments following further analyses that include the species level, such as the intestinal flora analysis method and next-generation sequencers.

著者

Kaoru UMEDA Yuji HIRAI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22-0576, (Released:2023-05-31)

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Diphtheria toxin-producing Corynebacterium ulcerans is a zoonotic pathogen that causes human diphtheria-like symptoms. After performing whole-genome analysis of the five isolates from sheltered cats in Osaka, Japan, we compared them with genome sequences of 25 strains of C. ulcerans from a public database. The five isolates from cats harbored 14 genes encoding possible virulence factors in diphtheria-toxin-producing C. ulcerans. These isolates also had diphtheria toxin gene-encoding prophage in their chromosome, although differences were found in other prophages possession. Whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis showed that cats’ isolates belonged to ST337 branch, as were strains from Japanese human patients, with 41 or more single-nucleotide polymorphisms variations. High-resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism analysis of C. ulcerans was sufficient to distinguish cats’ isolates clearly as not different by conventional genotyping methods.